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北京颐和园导游词范文1
现在我们来到了北京的颐和园，颐和园是我国重点保护单位，已经列入《世界遗产名录》。在游览的过程中请大家自觉保持整洁，不要破坏公物。
大家请看这边，我们来到的是着名的长廊。这长廊特别长，你们知道有多长吗？这长廊有七百多米长呢！还分成了273间！看！每一间的横槛上都有一幅五彩缤纷的画，这几千幅画里，没有那两幅是相同的！
旅客们，现在我们来到的是万寿山脚下。看！有一座八角宝塔形的三层建筑耸立在半山腰上，黄色的琉璃瓦闪闪发光那就是佛香阁！下面一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿，就是排云殿。现在我们上山去看看吧！
旅客们，我们已经登上了万寿山了。在这里看颐和园的全景是最好的地方。一大片树丛的绿色藏在眼底。我们的正前面是颜色碧绿的昆明湖，那昆明湖特别静，也特别绿，不知大家想不想去看一下呢？事不宜迟，现在我们下去看看吧！
北京颐和园导游词范文2
颐和园自万寿山顶的智慧海向下，由佛香阁、德辉殿、排云殿、排云门、云辉玉宇坊，构成了一条层次分明的中轴线。山下是一条长700多米的“长廊”，长廊枋梁上有彩画8000多幅，号称“世界第一廊”。接下来是小编为大家整理的关于颐和园的导游词400字，方便大家阅读与鉴赏!
颐和园的导游词400字1尊敬的各位游客，我是你们的导游，我姓谢叫谢导游。我们将要游览的是北京的故宫颐和
尊敬的各位游客，我是你们的导游，我姓谢叫谢导游。我们将要游览的是北京的故宫颐和园。颐和园是清代的皇家林园和行宫，是我国29处重点保护单之一。颐和园已被列入《世界遗产名录》。请自觉持续颐和园内的干净。
绕过大殿就来到有名的长廊，看那红漆的柱子、绿漆的栏杆，一眼望不到头。长廊分为273间，每一间的横槛上都有五彩的画，几千幅画没有哪两幅画是相同的，你会相信吗?
走完长廊就来到了万寿山脚下，抬头一看，看见了一座八角形的三层建筑佛香阁。往下一看，看见了一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿排云殿。作文
登完了万寿山，就来到了昆明湖。昆明湖围着长长的堤岸，堤岸上有好几座式样不一样的石桥。一座长长的石桥下有17个桥洞，这座桥叫17孔桥，桥上有上百根石柱，每根柱子上的小狮子姿态万千，都不一样。
颐和园的景色万千，我也说不尽，请你们去细细游赏吧!
颐和园的导游词400字2各位尊敬的游客，我们将要游览的是颐和园。颐和园是我国重点文物保护单位，也是《世界遗产名录》之中的文化遗产。游览时请不要乱扔垃圾。
此刻我们就进了颐和园的大门，绕过大殿，来到有名的长廊。看，这绿漆的柱子，红漆的栏杆，多漂亮呀!这条长廊长700多米，分成273间，每一间的横槛上都有五彩的画，
画着人物、花草、风景，不可思议的是，这几千幅画竟然没有哪两幅是一摸一样的。
走完了长廊，我们来到了万寿山脚下，抬头上看，一眼就看见一座八角宝塔形的三层建筑，那就是佛香阁。下面一排排辉煌的宫殿，就是排云殿。
我们此刻登上了万寿山，那里能够把颐和园的大半景色都收在眼底。看，前面那就是昆明湖，昆明湖的湖面静的像一面镜子，绿的像一块碧玉，此刻我们就去昆明湖细细游赏。作文
看，昆明湖好大呀，它周围的堤岸也更长。我们此刻要去昆明湖中心的小岛了。通向小岛的这座桥就是有名的十七孔桥，这座桥有三多，一是桥洞多，二是狮子多，三是石柱多。看，这座桥的每根石柱上都雕刻着狮子。这么多的狮子，姿态各异，没有哪两只是相同的。
颐和园到处都有美丽的景色，说也说不尽，请你们慢慢的游赏吧!
颐和园的导游词400字3各位游客：
大家好!
这天就有我来带领大家共同游览颐和园。期望我的讲解能够令各位满意，让我们共同度过这一完美的时光。
颐和园在北京西北部海淀区境内，是我国保存最完整、最大的皇家园林，也是世界上著名的游览胜地之一，属于第一批全国重点文物保护单位。
颐和园里有许多景点是效法了江南园林的一些优点。如谐趣园就是仿无锡寄畅园建造的。西堤是仿杭州西湖的苏堤。
颐和园前山的正中，是一组巨大的建筑群，自山顶的智慧海，往下为佛香阁、德辉殿、排云殿、排云门、云辉玉宇坊，构成一条明显的'中轴线。在中轴线的两边，又有许多陪衬的建筑物。顺山势而下，又有许多假山隧洞，游人能够上下穿行。颐和园的后山，其设计格局则与前山迥然而异。前山的风格是宏伟、壮丽，而后山则是以松林幽径和小桥曲水取胜。
这天的观光游览就要结束了，在颐和园的这段时光期望能成为您北京之游中的永恒记忆。同时也请您把我的祝福带给您的家人朋友。
颐和园的导游词400字4尊敬的游客们，我是一个旅游社的导游，我姓郭，大家能够叫我郭导。此刻我们要去游览清代皇家园林和行宫，是我国的世界遗产颐和园。它是我国重点文物保护单位，大家游览时请自觉保护它的清洁。
我们先去颐和园里的长廊吧。瞧，绿漆的柱子，红漆的栏杆，谁能看到尽头?这条长廊有七百多米，分成273间。看看每一间的横槛上，都有五彩的画，几千幅画没有那两幅是相同的，你相信吗?再看看两旁，栽满花木，这些花是百花长开。
我们此刻的位置是在万寿山脚下。看到了吗?那一座八角宝塔型的三层建筑就是佛香阁。下面一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿，就是排云殿。作文
好的，我们此刻已经登上万寿山了。请游客们站在佛香阁的前面向下望，大家会看到那葱郁的树丛，掩映着黄的绿的琉璃瓦屋顶和朱红的宫墙。大家再看正前面，昆明湖静得像一面镜子，绿的像一块碧玉。大家再往东远眺，隐隐约约能够看见几座古老的城楼和城里的白塔。
我们已经来到占颐和园四分之一的地方昆明湖。看到湖中心的那个小岛了吗?只要大家走过长长的石桥，就能够去那里玩了。这座石桥有十七个桥洞，叫十七孔桥;桥栏杆上有上百根石柱，柱子上都还雕刻着小狮子，你肯定不会相信，这么多的狮子，没有哪两只是相同的。作文
颐和园到处有美景，我说也说不尽，请游客们慢慢有赏吧!
颐和园的导游词400字5尊敬的游客：
大家好!我是王导游，很高兴为大家服务，这天我们来到美丽的颐和园游玩，期望大家不要乱扔垃圾，破坏它的美丽!
我们此刻来到了有名的长廊，它共273间，全长七百多米。每一间的横槛上都绘有彩画。两边的花草树木郁郁葱葱，一种花没谢，另一种花又开了。
不知不觉中，我们已经来到了万寿山下，大家看到那金碧辉煌的宫殿了吗?那是排云殿。大家明白吗?排云殿是慈禧在园内过生日时理解贺拜的地方。
此刻我们来到了昆明湖，湖中有个小岛，岛上一片葱郁，透过我们面前这座桥，就能够到小岛上去玩。这座桥有十七个桥洞，叫做十七孔桥。桥栏杆上有上百根石柱，柱子上雕刻着小狮子。这么多狮子，姿态不一。：
这么多美景，说也说不尽，此刻大家自由活动，继续欣赏美景，一小时后在湖中的小岛准时集合!
颐和园的导游词400字6大家好，欢迎大家光临颐和园。我是颐和园导游团团长李祺义，大家能够叫我李导，这天由我来带领大家畅游颐和园。
颐和园在北京西郊，被圆明园所包围。它是乾隆十五年建造的，1998年被列入世界文化遗产名录。走进颐和园，绕过大殿，就来到长廊，长廊有700多米长，有273间，长廊两旁栽满了花草树木，顶上画着一千多幅画，画着人物、花草、昆虫，画得惟妙惟肖，而且没有哪两幅画是相同的，微风从左边的昆明湖上吹过来，使人神清气爽。
走完长廊，我们准备走到万寿山了。来到万寿山脚下，大家快看，那一座八角形宝塔耸立在半山腰，黄色的琉璃瓦闪闪发光，那是佛香阁，旁边一群建筑是排云殿，此刻我们自由活动，请游客们自我登万寿山吧，咱们一小时后在万寿山顶集合。
请大家从万寿山往下看，颐和园的景色大半尽收眼底，大家看下面的蓝色大湖，这就是著名的昆明湖，我们此刻就下山，去昆明湖玩?!
昆明湖围着长长的堤岸，堤上草翠花开，绿树成阴，还有好几座式样不一样的石桥。能够过桥去湖中心玩，这座石桥有十七个孔，叫十七孔桥，桥栏杆上有上百根石柱，柱子上都雕刻着活泼的小狮子，没有哪两只是相同的。游客们，你们能够划船慢慢玩。
游客们，感谢你们的大力支持，下午在故宫再见，下午见!
颐和园的导游词400字7大家好，我是希文，这天我给大家介绍昔日皇家园林，今日百姓乐园--颐和园。颐和园是中国四大名园之一，其构思巧妙，建筑精致，是我国园林艺术之成。此刻，大家跟随我进入美丽的颐和园去欣赏吧!
走进颐和园，首先进入眼帘的是有名的长廊，它有七百多米长，每一个横槛上都有不一样的图画，每一副画都蕴含着一个古典故事，大家能够仔细的欣赏。
此刻，大家看到的是昆明湖，混明湖是仿杭州西湖修建的。在昆明湖上横卧着十七孔桥，你们看，在桥栏杆上，有许柱子，每根柱子上都雕刻着十分精致逼真的小狮子，栩栩如生。每一只小狮子表情不一样，姿态各一。在桥头的东边有一头铜牛，西边有耕织图，铜
牛代表牛郎，耕织图代表了侄女，那十七孔桥不正是鹊桥吗?在当时，就是按这个神话故事修建的吧!
北京颐和园导游词范文3
唐山南湖公园导游词一
大家好，我是你们的南湖导游。
现在大家来到了南湖公园。南湖花草茂盛，四季如春。
南湖是生产南湖菱地方，这儿有大的菱，小的菱，老的菱等，像在开全家会一样。
南湖还是人们钓鱼的天堂，尤其是老人。一钓，就钓到了许多鱼，每一条都活灵活现。因而这里有许多人买鱼，各个自卖自夸。老人有的把鱼放了，有的带回家。因为这些年轻人和老人，这儿非常热闹。
你心动了吗?
唐山南湖公园导游词二
南湖公园位于长春市内，总面积222万多平方米，是市内最大的公园，为全国第二大园，仅次于颐和园。且花园特色鲜明。
南湖公园水面面积达92万平方米，湖水清澈，岸柳低垂、曲桥亭榭，胜似江南。每逢盛夏和初秋，这里都要举办灯会、民俗风情展等各类活动;冰封时节，在白茫茫的湖面上举办的冰雪活动花样繁多。特别是狗爬犁和骆驼爬犁，满载着游人的笑声……是消遣休闲的好去处。
从空中俯瞰南湖公园，可以清楚地看到它的全貌，形似哑铃状，东西窄，南北长，水域面积96公顷，与北京颐和园水域面积相似。南湖公园是长春市区内面积最大的公园。
有关南湖公园的规划，开始于日本人制定的《大新京都市计划》。在这份计划中，日本人设想，根据城市自然环境，降雨量，利用伊通河的几条小支流，筑坝形成人工湖，然后实行分流制排水，即污水排入伊通河，雨水存贮于人工湖。南湖公园正是基于这种设想，利用了伊通河支流兴隆沟的水源，于1937年沿今天的工农大路修筑了这条高10米，长800米的拦河坝，最终形成了今天这个人工湖。
附：唐山南湖公园介绍
北京颐和园导游词范文4
关于公园的导游词范文【1】
八一公园清代为贡院，1932年辟为湖滨公园，1946年4月3日改称为介石公园。1950年7月定今名，总面积23.7公顷，陆地面积64公顷。园中林木繁盛，花团锦簇。公园可分为湖区和陆区两部分。
南昌八一公园处于闹市中心，绿荫如盖，湖水荡漾，“豫章十景”中的“东湖月夜”及“苏圃春晓”均在其中。由于闹中取静，每天游人如潮，且每年园内均举办大型花卉或花灯展，吸引不少游人前往。
公园免费开放后，市里要求把公园管得更好。焦点问题正是在于管理。有的担心开放后什么盲流呀、赌徒呀，都会涌到公园来，使公园成为藏污纳垢之所;有的还担心孩子在湖滨的安全，担心园内的清洁卫生难以维护，担心公园的草坪被随意践踏，花卉被随意弄走……这些担心当然也有道理，但是从大局看，从长远的发展看，还绿于民势在必行。我们不能因噎废食。正是因为存在这些矛盾，才更需要加强管理，做好工作。公园管理者将接受开放的考验，同样南昌市民也将接受开放的考验。公园管理处处长熊社林对记者说，我们不能一味责怪市民的素质差，而应该首先从提高管理者的素质入手，有高素质的管理就一定会有高素质的市民，要坚定不移地相信这一点。
换个思路看公园，还绿于民后，它应该建设得更美丽更丰富多彩。记者获悉，市园林设计院现正在紧张地进行八一公园改造的规划设计。公园的一些设施将改装，草坪将全面进行绿化调整，园内的路面实施硬化，铺上彩色的人行道板。公园管理处正组织职工讨论，发动大家想点子，有的提出要扩大茶室，包括开设露天茶室，有的说要办好滑冰场，还有的建议在东湖划定一个水域作游泳场，更有不少人提出，要将百花洲地段统一规划，拆除一些临湖的店面，还百花洲以安静，以吸引更多的游人……观念一变，思路大开，原来八一公园蕴藏着这么多的潜力!这么大的商机!
现在的八一公园每天游人即达万人，节日期间更多。免费开放后，前往观光休憩的市民肯定还会增加。这里的湖光本色和苏圃风景，将尽情地为市民所享有。我们为公园拆墙而鼓掌，同时也寄希望于广大市民：像爱护自己的家一样爱护公园的一草一木，因为，那就是我们自己的“家”。
关于公园的导游词范文【2】
大家好!我是南昌市“爱克丝”旅游公司的一位导游，我姓张，可以叫我张导游，我身边是万司机，技术一流，大家上了车不用害怕，不会出车祸的，车牌号是赣A74189，请大家记住车牌号!
现在是前往八一公园的苏圃路上，八一公园清代时为贡院，1932年被称为湖滨公园，1945年4月3日又被改为介石公园，1950年7月定了这个今名，总面积可是有23.7公顷，陆地面积64公顷。
八一公园里面有小商店，可以划船乘凉，玩里面的玩具，还可以画画。河旁有很多柳树，风一吹，柳树姐姐的头发就像甩一下一样，河中心像北京的颐和园一样，也有一个小岛。岛上一片葱绿，许多树叶飘下来，像绿蜻蜓一样，许多垂柳的枝垂下来，游客们划船时要小心，不要被树枝挂到，八一公园里也有许多假石，样子不同，没有哪两块是桢的，石头中间还有一条小路，八一公园里还有小的乘凉亭，人们可以在这儿乘凉。
北京颐和园导游词范文5
颐和园英文导游词
the tour will take 4-6 hours. the route is as follows:
out side the east gate-side the east gate in front of the hall of benevolence and longevity- in front of garden of virtuous harmony-in front of the grand theater building- a lakeside walk from the garden of virtuous harmony to the hall o jade ripples- in front of the o jade ripples- in front of the yiyunguan (chamber of mortal being)-hall of happiness and longevity- in front of the yaoyue (chamber of mortal beings)-hall of happiness and longevity-in front of the yaoyue(inviting the moon ) gate of the long corridor- strolling along the long corridor- visiting an exhibition of cultural relics- in front of the hall of dispelling clouds- inside the hall of dispelling clouds- atop the tower of buddhist incense- on a hilltop leading from the back door of the tower of buddhist incense- on a hilltop leading from the back door of the tower of buddhist incense- inside the garden of harmonious interest outside the south gate to suzhou shopping street- atop the stone bridge inside the suzhou shopping street on the road from the south gate of suzhou shopping street- on the road form the south gate of suzhou shopping street to the marble boat- in front of the ruins of the garden of complete spring along the lakeside by the marble boat-boating on the kunming lake-leaving out through the east gate.
(out side the east gate)
ladies and gentlemen: welcome to the summer palace.(after the self-introduction of the guide -interpreter) i hope this will be an interesting and enjoyable day for you .
during our tour, you will be introduced to time honored historical and cultural traditions, as well as picturesque views and landscapes.
the construction of the summer palace first started in 1750. at that time, the qing dynasty was in its heyday and china was a powerful asian country with vast territories. the monarch in power then was emperor qianlong. with supreme power and large sums of money, he summoned skillful and ingenious artisans from all over the country to carry out this construction work in honor of his mother `s birthday. after 15 years and one seventh of the nation` s annual revenue spent, the garden of clear ripples was completed and served as a testimony to china` s scientific and technological achievements. in 1860, this vast royal garden was burnt down along with the yuanming yuan (garden of perfection and brightness) by angol-french allied forces. in 1888, empress dowager cixi reconstructed the garden on the same site and renamed it the garden of nurtured harmony (summer palace). characterized by its vast scope and rich cultural embodiments, the summer palace has become one of the most famous tourist sites in the world. this is the main entrance to the summer palace-the east gate on top of the eaves of the door there is a plaque bearing a chinese inscription which means garden of nurtured harmony , whose calligrapher was emperor guangxu. the gate that you are now entering was used exclusively by the emperor, the empress and the queer mother. all others used the side doors.
(inside the east gate)
the summer palace can be divided into two parts: longevity hill and kunming lake .the whole garden covers an area of 290 hectares, of whih three- fourths consists of a lake and rivers .this imperial garden features 3,000 room-units and covers an expanse of 70,000 square meters with more than 100 picturesque spots of interest. the layout of the summer palace includes three groups of architectures: palaces where the emperor attended to state affairs, resting palaces of the emperor and empress, and sightseeing areas. entering the east gate we will come the the office quarters. entering the east gate we will come to the office quarters. the annex halls on both sides were used for officials on duty. this is the gate of benevolence and longevity. above the door there is a plaque bearing the same name in both chinese and manchurian characters. the gigantic rock in the foreground is known as taihu rock, or eroded limestone, quarried in jiangsu province and placed here to decorated the garden. on the marble terrace sits a bronze mythical beast, known as qilin or xuanni . it was said to the one of the nine sons of dragon king. a point of peculiar interest is that it has the head of a dragon, antlers of a deer, the tail of a lion and hooves of a ox, and is covered with a unique skin. it was considered an auspicious creature that brought peace and prosperity. this grand hall is the hall of benevolence and longevity. it was built in 1750 , and was known as the hall of industrious government. emperor qianlong ruled that the halls where monarchs attended to state affairs would be named after them . after the rebuilding of the summer palace, the hall was renamed, suggesting that benevolent rulers would enjoy long lives. the arrangement of the hall has been left untouched. in the middle of the hall stands a throne made of sandalwood and carved with beautiful designs. in the background there is a screen carved with nine frolicking dragons. on either side of the throne there are two big fans made of peacock feathers, two column-shaped incense burners, crane-shaped lanterns and an incense burner assuming the form of luduan, a mythological animal which was suppose to have the power to prevent fire. the small chambers on eight side were where the emperor qianlong and empress dowager cixi rested and met officials on formal occasions. on the verandah in the foreground of the hall there are bronze statues of dragon and phoenixes which served as incense burners on major occasions. they are hollow and smoke comes through holes on their backs. also on the veranda are tai ping (peace) bronze water vats made during the reign of emperor qianlong. as a precaution in case of fire, a fire was lit underneath the vats in the winter to keep the water in them from freezing.
(at the entrance of garden of virtuous harmony)
we are now visiting the garden of virtuous harmony, where emperor qianlong and empress dowager cixi were entertained with beijing opera performances. it mainly consists of the dressing house, the grand theater building and the hall of pleasure smiles. the grand theater building known as the cradle of beijing opera was uniquely laid out and magnificently decorated. on september 10, 1984, the garden of virtuous harmony opened its doors to visitors. there are also 7 exhibition halls with articles of daily use on display here. the staff here put up court dresses of qing dynasty in order to give the visitor a more vivid impression.
(in front of the grand theater building)
this building is 21 meters in height and 17 meters in width and features three tiers of tilted eaves and stages. all of the stages are connected to a raise ,and a winch is installed at the top. a well and 5 ponds were sunk under the ground stage. there are trapdoors in the ceiling for fairies to descend, as well as on the floor for demons to surface. the underground passages also served as a means of improving resonance and making the performers` voices more audible .of the three main theater building of the qing dynasty, the grand theater building is the tallest and the largest. the other two are changyin (fluent voice ) pavilion in chengde, an imperial summer resort. the building played a major part in fostering the birth and development of beijing opera: since the completion of the grand theater building, many performances were held in it in honor of the empress dowager cixi.
(a lakeside walk from the garden of virtuous harmony to the hall of jade ripples)
we are now standing in the middle of a rockery behind the hall of benevolent and longevity. it appears that there` s nothing special ahead. however, after we clear the rockery, we will reach kunming lake. this is a application of a specific style of chinese gardening. not far away in the lake there is a islet. it is filled with peach and weeping willow trees and serves as a ideal place to appreciate the scenery. the pavilion on the islet is called zhichun (understanding spring) pavilion and is chardcterized by four- edged, multiple eaved roofs.
(in front of the hall of jade ripples)
this group of special and quiet courtyard dwelling is the hall of jade ripples. it was first used by emperor qianlong to attend to state affairs. it was also where emperor guangxu of the late qing dynasty was kept under house arrest. this hall is a hallmark of the reform movement of 1898, emperor guanxu was empress dowager cixi` s nephew. after emperor tongzhi died, empress dowager cixi made her nephew, who was at that time four years old a successor in order to continue her wielding of power behind the scenes. when emperor guanxu was 19 years old ,empress dowager cixi relinquished power to him but continued to exert considerable influence. in 1898, the reform movement took place with the aim of sustaining the corn principles of the qing dynasty while reforming outdated laws. the movement lasted for 103 days until it was suppressed by empress dowager cixi. the emperor` s six earnest reformists were beheaded and emperor guangxu was placed under house arrest which lasted for 10 years .all the back doors were sealed and a brick was was put up behind the wooden partition on each side of the two annexes of the courtyard. emperor guangxu was closely watched by eunuchs. the wall remains intact for tourists to see.. dynasty while reforming outdated laws. the movement lasted for 103 days until it was suppressed by empress dowager cixi. the emperor` s six earnest reformists were beheaded and emperor guangxu was placed under house arrest which lasted for 10 years .all the back doors were sealed and a brick was was put up behind the wooden partition on each side of the two annexes of the courtyard. emperor guangxu was closely watched by eunuchs. the wall remains intact for tourists to see. (in front of yiyunguan (chamber of mortal beings) this was where empress and empress dowager of china` s feudal system. however, emperor guanxu was not the last emperor of the qing dynasty. the last in the line was emperor puyi, who ascended the throne in 1908 at the age of three, too young to be married . in 1912, he was forced to abdicate. during the short reign of emperor puyi. empress longyu handled state affairs on his behalf in the name of empress dowager. in 1911, a revolution led by dr. sun yat-sun succeeded, and the year after, empress longyu announced the abdication of the last emperor of china.
(in the hall of happiness and longevity)
the aged empress dowager cixi was so fond of the summer palace that she decided to live here from april through october of every year. this group of buildings served as her residence. this group of courtyard dwellings consists of a forecourt and a backyard with annex courts on each side .the whole compound was basically made of wood, which is ideal for ventilation and lighting . with its quiet and tasteful layout, the hall of happiness and longevity made life very easy and convenient. no wonder one of empress dowager cixi` s pleasure boat. on the pier there is a tall lantern post. flanking the staircase leading to the main entrance of the hall, there are bronze cranes, deer and vases, symbolizing universal peace. the interior layout is the same as the imperial court, with throne, a large table and incense burners placed in the middle. at mealtime, eunuchs-in waiting would make a gigantic table out of this table and empress dowager cixi would dine on 128 courses. because of this more than 1,800 tales of silver would be spent each month on meals. on the east side of the living room is the cloak room. the bedroom in on its west. in front of the yaoyue (inviting the moon ) gate of the long corridor the famed long corridor is ahead. facing kunming lake and in the foreground of longevity hill, the long corridor stretches from yaoyue (inviting the moon ) gate to shizhang (stony old man) pavilion. it is 728 meters in length and consist of 273 sections and connects four octagonal pavilions. in 1990 ,it was listed in guinness book of world records.
(strolling along the long corridor)
the long corridor is one of the major structures of the summer palace .since the corridor was designed to follow the physical features of the southern slope of longevity hill , four multiple-eaved, octagonal pavilions (beauty-retaining pavilion, enjoy-the ripples pavilion, autumn water pavilion and clarity distance pavilion) were placed at bends and undulation. thus sightseers will hardly notice the rise and fall of the terrain. as a major part of the architectural style of the summer palace, the long corridor serves as an ingenious connector between the lake and the hill. scattered buildings on the southern slope were linked to creat a unified complex. this corridor can also be called a corridor of paintings : there are more than 14,000 paintings on its beams. some of them are of birds, flowers and landscapes of the west lake in hangzhou, zhejian province. others present scenes from literary classics. the majority of the landscape painting were done under the order of emperor qianlong, who preperred the scenery of south china.
(by the door leading to the exhibition of cultural relics)
this group of temple-shaped structures are known as qinghua (clarified china) hall ,also known as arhat hall during the reign of emperor qianlong. the original hall burned down in 1860. after it was reconstructed, it was renamed. qinghua hall is now used as a exhibition hall displaying rare cultural relics collected in the summer palace. the hall consists of 6 exhibition rooms with tens of thousands of articles of treasure on display in turn. among the exhibits there are bronze ware, porcelain, jade assemblages from the ming and qing dynasties, and rare and paintings. there is also a gigantic stone slab, which is more than 3 meters in height and width. it bears the handwritten inscriptions of emperor qianlong is commemoration of the suppression of a rebellion in the xinjiang region. only this slab survived when the angle-french allied forces set fire to the summer palace.
(in front of the gate of dispelling clouds)
now we are approaching the central part of the structures on the lakeside slope, the tower of buddhist incense within the hall of dispelling clouds. the hall of dispelling clouds was where numerous palatines kowtowed to empress dowager cixi. it was surrounded by galleries and flanked by annex halls. in the forecourt there is a pool and marble bridges . starting from the lakeside, there lies in succession a memorial archway, the gate of dispelling clouds, the hall of dispelling clouds and the tower of buddhist incense. all of these structures are built on a central axis and each is taller than its predecessor. this was designed to give prominence to the last structure, the tower of buddhist incense, which was a symbol of imperial power. the layout of this group of architectures was based on scenes described in buddhist sutras. this group of structure are among the most magnificently constructed here in the summer palace.
(inside the hall of dispelling clouds)
the original buildings on this site were burned down by the anglo-french allied forces in 1860. a new set of structures was built during the reign of emperor guanxu, and was called the hall of dispelling clouds, suggesting that it was a fairyland. the hall was built on a high terrace, and has 21 room. inside the hall are a throne, screens, tripods and mandarin fans. on a platform you will see bronze dragons, phoenixes and tripods. at the foot of the platform there are four bronze water vats, the ancient form of fire extinguishers. the 10th day of lunar october was ,empress dowager cixi` s birthday. on that day ,she sat on the throne here to receive congratulations and gifts. now we are going to pay a visit to the highlight of the summer palace- the tower of buddhist incense. what we are now standing on is a stone terrace which is 20 meters in height. it has a semi housed stairway of 100 steps, you will live for 100 years. so, let` s go !
(in the front of the tower of buddhist incense)
an octagonal structure with three storeys and quadruple eaves, the tower of buddhist incense is the very center of the summer palace, and is one of the masterpieces of ancient chinese architecture. the tower is 41 meters in height, and is buttressed by 8 solid pillars made of lignumvitae logs. with its complex structure, ingenious layout, towering terrace and convincing grandeur, the tower of buddhist incense was artfully set out by the imperial gardens and beautiful scenery surrounding it .the tower overlooks kunming lake and other picturesque spots within an area of tens of kilometers .on the west side of the tower stands baoyunge (precious cloud pavilion). it is made of bronze and is7.5 meters in height and 270 tons in weight. it resembles its wooden counterparts in every detail. it is one of the largest and most exquisite bronze pavilions still on existence in china. lamas prayed here during the reign of emperor qianlong in honor of the monarchs and their families. at the turn of the century 10 bronze windows were spirited abroad. in 1992 an american company bought the windows and returned them intact to china.
(on a hilltop leading from the back door of tower of buddhist incense)
now we can see the long and snaking western causeway and a shorter dike that divides kunming lake into three areas that contain south lake island, seaweed-viewing island and circle city island. the three island represent three mountain in ancient chinese mythology, i. e. penglai, fangzhang and yingzhou. this peculiar method of incorporating a lake a three mountains within a single garden was a brainchild of emperor wudi of the han dynasty more than 2,000 years ago, bearing testimony to feudal monarchs` s longing for longevity. as the legend goes many heavenly elixirs grew on the three mythical islands. using artificial building techniques, the ancient chinese built this masterpiece based on the myth to make the mythical on appear to be accessible to humans.
(inside the garden of harmonious interest)
setting a garden within a larger garden has been one of china traditional architectural styles. the garden of harmonious interest serves as a fine example of this. this garden was built under the order of emperor qianlong and modeled after the jichang garden (garden of ease of mind )at the foot of mount huishan, jiansu province. it was renamed by his son emperor jiaqing in 1811. the existing garden was rebuilt by emperor or guangxu. empress dowager cixi used to go fishing here. the garden features 10 waterfront platforms, pavilions and halls as well as hundreds of galleries with all of its structures facing the lake and pools, the garden of harmonious interest is basically a garden of waterscape. spanning the vast expanse of the lake and pools are five bridges, each quite different from the others. the most famous of them is the bridge known as knowing the fishing-bridge. it is said that more than 2,500 years ago during the warring states period, two philosophere named zhuang zi had an interesting argument by the side of a pond. zhang said, fish swim to and fro in the water. what happy fish! hui asked , you are not a fish. how do you know they are happy? zhuang replied, you are not me .how do you know i dont know? hui signed, i am not you ,therefore, i dont know you . and you are not a fish ,so how do you know that fish are happy? zhang said, you ask me how i know fish are happy, why do you keeping me the same question? although the garden of harmonious interest was designed after jichang garden, it not only absorbed the original designs, but exceeded it .
(outside the south entrance to suzhou shopping street)
now lets have a look at longevity hill. on the back slope of the hill stands a group of architectures. the centerpiece of structures there are known as the four continents and are dedicated to buddhism. this group was laid out and arranged in accordance with buddhist cosmology. aside from a main shrine and structures embodying the four continents, there are eight towers representing minor continents. the shrine is surrounded by four lamaist pagodas and between the major and minor continents, there two platforms representing the sun and the moon. the qing authority attached great importance to buddhism. to further strengthen ties with the ethnic minorities who practiced buddhism, the monarchs incorporated both han and tibetan styles of architecture into this group of temples. further north at the foot of the four major continent lies the suzhou shopping street. built along the back lake of the summer palace, this street stretches about 300 meters and features more than 60 stores. it includes restaurants, teahouses, pawnshops banks, drugstores dye houses and publishing houses. in order to recreate the atmosphere of ancient times, visitors will have the chance to exchange their money to ancient style chinese coins for use here. storefronts are trimmed with traditional signboards and ornaments. the commercial culture of the mid-18th century has thus been recreated.
(atop the stone bridge inside the suzhou shopping street)
visitors may be surprise to see that this shopping street is almost the same as that in south china. as a matter of fact, this street was designed after the shops along the canals in suhzhou. originally known as emperor` s shopping street, it was built during the reign of emperor qianlong. after making several inspection tours to south china and being duly impressed by its commercial prosperity, emperor qianlong ordered the construction of this street. the imperial shopping street was burnt down by anglo-french allied forces in 1860. the site remained desolated until 1987, when reconstruction began. it was opened to the public in september 1990. with commercial culture as its hallmark, the suzhou shopping street is a vivid representation of china` s traditional cultures.
(on the road from the south fate of the suzhou shopping street to the marble boat)
this is the hall of pines. from it to the west we can walk to the marble boat. the path we aree taking stretches between longevity hill and back lake. monarchs and their cohorts used to stroll along it .hence it was named central imperial path. along this path you will see lilacs all around. hence, this road is also known as the path of lilac.
(in front of the ruins of the garden of complete spring)
quite a few unique structures were burnt down during the reign of emperor qianlong, among which the garden of complete spring was one of the most famous. the ruined and desolate courtyard by the roadside was its original site, it remains to be restored. this group of structures cover an area of 4,000 square meters and features a number of halls built on three different levels. all of the structures were connected with galleries and stone staircases. with its natural and ingenious combination of pavilions, a hall, galleries and rooms, the garden of complete spring serves as a fine model for other gardens. emperor qianlong frequently visited this compound.
北京颐和园导游词范文6
【门厅】
各位朋友，我们现在已经来到了古典园林留园。留园属于私家园林，始建于明万历年间，距今已经有四百多年历史。最初是万历年间太仆寺少卿徐泰时所建地东园。徐泰时曾任工部营缮郎中，参与营造万历滴地寿宫，即十三陵中地定陵。范仲淹地后代范允临是他地女婿。他为人耿直，终因得罪权贵，被弹劾回乡。由于长期在朝为官，他深感身心疲惫，因此回到苏州后，便不问正事，每天在自己地园中赏花弄草，吟风诵月，在自然地空间中尽情地复苏着早已受到扼制地心灵。到了明清之际，东圆已逐渐荒废。到清乾隆年间，该园归吴县人刘蓉峰所有。他非常喜爱此园，得手后重新整修并加以扩建，同时取“竹色清寒，波光澄碧”之意，将园名该为寒碧庄。但由于园主姓刘，所以民间俗称为“刘园”。咸丰年间，苏州阊门外遭兵燹，园子周围街巷宅屋几乎毁尽，惟独该园幸存下来。
自到一九四九年苏州解放，留园遭受了很大地破坏，园内建筑几成废墟。一九五三年对留园进行了整修，使一代名园重现丰采。一就六一年留园与苏州拙政园，北京地颐和园以及承德地避暑山庄一起，作为中国古典园林被首批列入国家重点文物保护单位。因此这四个古典园林也被称为中国四大名园。一九九七年，苏州古典园林又被联合国教科文组织整体列入世界文化遗产，留园就是首批四个典型例证之一。留园之所以能够成为世界文化遗产地典型例证自然有其原由。下面让我们从这门厅开始，到园中去细细品位一番吧。
首先请大家回头看一下刚刚进来地这扇黑漆大门，很不起眼。大家是否会想留园地主人为什么有钱造如此精美园林，却不把大门装修得豪华、气派一点呢？难道是买得起马，置不起马鞍吗？答案当然是否定地。刚才已经讲过，我们苏州地园林，很多都是辞官引退后回乡地官僚所建地私家花园。他们本着“久在樊笼里，复得返自然”。他们不爱人来客往地世俗应酬，而喜欢闭门谢客，独自在自己地园中玩石赏月，经营花草，以重归自然、寄情山水地隐士理念来追求一种隐居地生活。基于这种生活理念，苏州地私家园林均无气派显眼地高大门楼，其正门都力求淡化、简单，以求接近普通民居。
再请大家看这门厅正中屏门上嵌地一幅缀玉留园全景图。这是一九八六年时，为纪念苏州古城建成2500周年，由扬州工匠用2500枚各类玉石薄片相缀而成地。在全景图地上方高悬着一方扁额，上面写着“吴下名园”四个大字，点出了留园在苏州园林中地地位。这是由当代著名版本目录学家，前上海图书馆馆长顾延龙先生所题写地。在全景图屏门背面刻有清代朴学大师俞樾先生所择，吴进贤所书地《留园记》。
【门厅与桥厅间地东侧长廊】
各位现在看到院子里有一块长方形花岗岩，上面刻有联合国教科文组织所颁布地“世界遗产”标识。他是留园于1997年12月被批准作为苏州古典园林这一世界文化遗产地典型例证后，于1998年立地。
【长廊中部蟹眼天井处】
这两方小小地露天空间，苏州人称之为天井。由于他们面积太小，所以人们称之为“蟹眼天井”。这两方蟹眼天井在这里主要是为了采光而设计地。为了避免造景上地单调，在其下方各置一棕竹盆栽，以次丰富了此处地景观内容。
【“长留天地间”南院】
来到这里，请大家看这个长方形地小院。由于庭院面积有限，不能大范围地造景，所以造园者就充分利用南面这堵高高地粉墙，来为游人设计了一幅立体地“国画”。这里布置了湖石，种上了金桂和玉兰。除了寓意“金玉满堂”外，正是一幅以粉墙为纸，花石为绘地立体国画地画境。
【“长留天地间”东侧大空窗旁】
各位请看这扇窗。这是一扇没有任何图案设计地单纯地长方形漏窗，这种特殊地漏窗也叫空窗。此处如果没有这扇空窗地话，那么这里地采光就不足，就会显得昏暗。所以说，这扇空窗设计地主要目地是为了采光。和前面讲过地蟹眼天井同样道理。园林建筑哪怕是一扇门一扇窗在建筑设计时，一定得考虑其造景功能。所以为了避免空窗地单调，就利用了植物盆栽来映衬它，使他在具有采光地同时，形成了一幅生动地立体地画面，此可谓一举两得。
再请大家看这门楣上地砖刻门额“长留天地间”这几个字。这是篆刻书法，是元代周伯琦（字伯温）所写地，寓意留园这一精美典雅地古典园林能永久地保留下去，但愿我们大家都能不辜负先人地期望，保护好我们地文化遗产。
来到这里，我们已经在不知不觉中走过了一条长长地走廊，这条长廊虽有数十米长，然而造园者巧妙地使廊、屋相接，并且在比较封闭地暗处设计了“蟹眼天井”来采光，用富于变化地建筑技巧使廊在空间上产生出了明与暗大与小地对比，另游人在不断变化地空间中，欣赏着各种布置独到地园林小品，在不知不觉中走完了这段长廊。另外，从园林审美方面来看，这段长廊相对于秀美地中部远景来说，大有一种“欲扬先抑”地审美效果。因此，这段长廊不仅被园林专家评定定为“留园三大名廊”之首，而且在整个苏州古典园林地廊形建筑中也有一处佳例。
【六扇花窗处】
穿过了“长留天地间”门洞，我们看到前面地粉墙上有六扇窗图案，因此漏窗也俗称“花窗”。在便于通风和采光地同时，可使窗外地景色，若隐若现地透过来，因此，花窗在园林建设中长作为透景，或者叫漏景之用。此处六扇花窗将中部景色半遮半掩地透了出来，使人隐约可见，从而激发起游人地游兴，催人急于进园去领略窗外那片胜景。同时，从花窗中透出地园景，随着游人脚步地移动而不断地发生变化，这就是古典园林欣赏中地所谓“移步换景”之妙。
当然，在通风采光和透镜地同时，花窗本身地花格图案在园林造景中，也起到了很好地丰富墙面审美内容地效果。另外，在不同地光影照射下，花窗地花格会呈现出各种多姿多彩地落影，为古朴地园林平添了几份活泼地生气。
我们现在请大家看南面地这堵白墙。墙根处有一明式青石花坛。上面有山茶，旁边植有翠柳，花开之时，红点缀缀，生机勃勃。花坛上方白墙上嵌有“古木交柯”砖额一方。花坛上原有古柏、女贞两棵古树，枝接交错，苍劲虬曲，给人以高洁坚毅之感。“古木交柯”就是指古柏、女贞交柯连理之意。
【绿荫轩】
这里是以赏留园春景为佳地绿荫轩。这是一个小巧雅致地临水敞轩。它地西面原有一棵三百多年地青枫树，而东面又有榉树遮日，因此以“绿荫”为轩名，轩内扁额上“绿荫”两字，是著名书画篆刻大师吴昌硕先生地弟子，当代书画家王个移所书。轩南墙壁上嵌有“华步小筑”石额一方。“华”，即“花”；“步”通“埠”。留园北面有山塘河通向“吴中第一名胜”虎丘。虎丘自明清以来就以出产茉莉花，玳玳花等名贵花木而闻名。以前，留园附近有装卸花木地河埠，所以这一带旧名花步里。而留园主人将自己地园子称为“华步小筑”，无疑是一种自谦。它也反映出中国传统文人尚隐逸，求中庸地处世哲学。这里地“花步小筑”四个字是清代学者钱大昕所书。其下方倚墙根所筑地湖石花坛中置石笋、种天竺，巧妙地构成了一幅立体国画地构图，而这“花步小筑”四字恰好是其点晴题跛。
【一梯云旁】
出绿荫轩向北，各位地左前方可以看到一座体量高大地两层楼建筑，这就是取《水经注》中“目对鱼鸟，水目明瑟”之意来命名地明瑟楼。这里面临清澈明净地池水，楼边又有青枫庇荫，环境清雅明净。明瑟楼底层因建筑外形象古代画舫前舱，所以取唐代杜甫《南邻》诗中“秋水才添四五尺，野航恰受两三人”之意，命名为“怡杭”。这里地“杭”通“航”。在明瑟楼南有一湖石假山，登临二楼地石阶就隐在其中。这里地一峰湖石上刻有“一梯云”三个字，取“上楼僧踏一梯云”之意。“梯云”，既以云为梯。古人以为云是触石而生，因此称石为云根。游人若在这云根盘旋之间拾级登临，一定会有步云成仙之感吧。
【寒碧山房北露台】
绕过明瑟楼，我们来到了留园中部宽敞地露台上。这里濒临水池，每当盛夏时节，池内荷花盛开，这里便是赏荷地绝佳之处。因此，这里也被称为荷花台。荷花台南面是紧靠明瑟楼而建地涵碧山房。这是中部花园地主厅，是取宋学家朱熹“一水方涵碧，千林已变红”地诗意来命名地。该厅几无装修，南北两面都不设墙，显得朴素大方，通畅明洁。厅内“涵碧山房”扁额上地篆书是旧时园主盛康请香禅居士潘中瑞所书。
厅南院中有一湖石牡丹花坛，旁边还种有玉兰、石榴、绣球等花木，春秋时节，繁华吐妍，美不胜收。我们站在荷花台上还可以欣赏到布置独到地留园中部山水。湖石与黄石参差而筑地中部假山上，山石嶙峋、古树参天，灵秀中透着一股阳刚。尤其是几棵荫可蔽日地古银杏、古樟树，与假山浑然一体，登临其间，会另人产生一种犹如进入了深山幽谷地感觉。在苏州各古典园林中，也称得上是一处“城市山林”地佳例。由于山体直逼水池，古树、假山与水面之间所呈现地高与低地视觉差得到了充分地体现.这就是古典园林造景中“以低衬高”地造景手法.另外,从山水布局来函,这里水虽居中,山水其侧,但在审美上,山地气势却远在水地生机之上.水在这里只是衬托山体气势地一个“配角”。此相反。而同为苏州园林代表作地拙政园中部地山与水在审美上地位置则正好与拙政园中部地主体假山虽以“一池三岛”地规制筑于水池地中央，但夺人眼目地仍然是那片富于变化地水面。在那里，山是造成水面破、掩、隔审美效果地一种道具。山成了水地陪衬，水地灵秀往往超过了山地敦厚。
【爬山廊】
在涵碧山房西侧，可见一条长廊曲折逶迤于中部假山上。我们一般把这种依山高下起伏地长廊称为爬山廊。这条爬山廊不仅有上山廊和下山廊之分，而且还有依墙地实廊与离墙地空廊之相应，整个廊始终处于高、下，明、暗等不同地光线和地势地变化过程中，令人感到妙趣盎然。同时，这条爬山廊在实用功能上还有以下几方面地作用：一、夏天遮阳，雨日挡雨；二：联系景点之间地纽带，是一条天然地游览路线；三：平缓而巧妙地将游人在不知不觉中引到中部假山之上地“闻木樨香轩”。在爬山廊中部地西墙上，嵌有明代吴江松陵勒石名家董汉策所刻地“二手法帖”。“二王”是指近代大书法家王羲之，王献之父子。其中王羲之擅写写草、隶、正、行诸体，且分格自成一家，素有“书圣”之誉。这里地“二王法帖”中，主要有《奉橘帖》、《快雪时晴帖》、《送梨帖》等著名法帖。留园地“二王法帖”只集“二王”书法，历代名家所写地题跋均被省略。“二王法帖”始刻于明嘉靖年间，刻成于万历年间，历时两朝二十五年。据说以前留园地主人刘蓉峰爱石如痴，并且喜欢将古人地美诗篆刻在青石上嵌入墙壁。从此，这种长约一米，宽约四十厘米，石面上刻着文章诗词或名家书法地书条石就成了留园地一大文化特色。它极大地丰富了留园作为古典园林地文化内涵。至今，留园共保存有三百七十多方书条石，堪称留园一绝。
【闻木樨香轩】
循着爬山廊，我们来到中部花园中最高建筑闻木樨香轩。从建筑形式上看，这实际上是一个依廊而建地半亭。因四周遍植桂花而得名。轩前是一幅对联：“奇石尽含千古秀，桂花香动万山秋”。这是一幅状景联。此处千姿百态地湖石在桂花树地掩映下，显地玲珑而古朴，而每到秋分送爽时，则满山荡漾着桂花地香气。这里地“动”字用地极妙，将“香味”这一园林中地虚景写活了。不仅如此，“闻木樨香”还颇富禅仪意，它似乎在暗示别人们，佛理就像这桂花香气一样，虽然我们看不见，摸不着，但他却无时不在，无处不在，只要用心参禅，人人都可以顿悟得道地。
【中部假山上】
出闻木樨香轩东行，跨过山涧上地小石桥言石径曲折前行，可看到几棵有着一、两百年龄地古银杏沧然挺拔于奇峰异石之间。银杏又称白果，是我国特有地珍稀物种之一。因从种植到结果地时间很长，所以又被称为“公孙树”。银杏树是雌雄异株地落叶乔木，果仁，即白果可以食用，也可入药，木材致密，可供雕刻之用。
在古银杏之间，可见一六角飞檐攒尖顶地小亭，这就是可亭。其意是可以供游人停留小憩之亭。亭中有一小石桌，是用出产于安徽灵璧县地灵璧石制成地。灵璧石历来被视为石中上品。
从可亭往南看，可与南面地明瑟楼、涵碧山房隔水相望。每当清风徐来，吹皱一池清水之时，对面地明瑟楼和涵碧山房便宛如一艘徐徐出航地画舫，随波动了起来。这里造园者用了写意地手法，使静止地建筑在审美上平添了一份动感。堪称苏州园林造景之一绝。
同时，可亭与涵碧山房，居水池南北相对而立，无论从建筑体量地大小，地理位置地高低，还是从建筑形态地轻巧与敦实等诸多方面来看，都堪称一种绝佳地对景。可亭四周植有梅花，且宜观赏雪景，因此，可亭也被称为留园中部欣赏冬景之佳处。
在可亭北面地假山后有一段长五十余米地花街铺地，用鹅卵石和碎瓷、石片、瓦片等各种材料筑成海棠花纹，犹如织锦铺地一般给人以美感。在这段花街铺地地北面有一条沿粉墙曲折而建地长廊，是中部假山上爬山廊地延续。它除了有前面将过地连结景点、遮雨避日等廊地功能外，还巧妙地遮挡了作为留园中部和北部分界地粉墙，从而淡化了北部与中部地分隔之感。
【小蓬莱】
通过平栏曲桥，我们来到了中部水池地小岛“小蓬莱”。传说渤海中有蓬莱、方丈、瀛洲三座仙山。秦始皇曾经派徐福前往求长生不死之仙丹，同时又在自己地宫院中仿造了三座仙山。这以后在水池中构筑三座“仙山”，即所谓“一池三岛”就成了古典园林造园地常用造景手法。留园中部地水池略成方行，比较规整。桥岛在划分水面地同时，使水面造成了旷、幽不同地两种水面效果。另外，在构筑中部假山时，特意在水池西部造成一条狭窄地山涧，令人产生池水渊源不尽之感，使池水活了起来。
