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高考话题作文范文1
“审问之”,即对话题作文的有关材料和概念讲行仔细地探询、审问。
1、探询背景材料,弄清暗示或倾向。
2005年全国使用范围最广的第三套高考语文题,背景材料“甲乙两个好朋友吵架,乙打了甲一拳,甲在沙地上写了‘今天我的好朋友打了我一拳’。又一次外出时,甲不小心掉进河里,乙把他救了上来,甲在石头上刻了‘今天我的好朋友救了我一命。乙问甲为什么要这样记录,甲说:‘写在沙地上,是希望大风帮助我忘记;刻在石头上,是希望刻痕帮助我铭记’,就有明确的暗示:甲忘记仇怨、铭记大恩情的做法是对的。
2.审问题引材料,明确题材的范围。
如2005年全国卷(三)题引材料“生活中,有许多事情是可以忘记的,有许多事情又是需要铭记的”,就明确了联系现实生活取材和立意的写作范围。
3.审问概念的内涵和外延,深入思考话题的隐含条件和限制。
如2005年北京卷“说安”,安可以解释为安全、安宁、安逸、安于等,这就明确了写作的内容。
4.审问作文的限制条件,明确自由度有多大。
如“不少于800字,自定立意,自拟标题,自选文体(不得写成诗歌)“。
“明辨之”,即辨明话题的内涵和外延,抓准话题的核心。“明辨话题”,实质就是明辨话题地概念,具体的方泫有:
1.词语比较法。
与别的近义词或话题比较,准确把握话题的中心概念。如2005年高考天津卷的“留给明天”,把它与“展望明天”“创造明天”“等待明天”“剩下明天”进行比较,就不难发现:“展望”是一种构想,“创造”是一种奋斗,“等待”是心理的期盼,“剩下”是心理的无奈:而“留给”是一种远见卓识的表现,它足把资源、财富、好的环境、美好传统、民族精神等大好的毒而右目的地保留给“明天”的人。
2.语素分析法。
分析话题的每个语素,然后整合理解话题的意义。如2005年高考辽宁卷“跑的体验”,对“跑”“体验”三个语素的意义进行分析:“跑”即“奔跑”,狭隘意义的跑指具体的“跑”的动作,挖掘潜力有限;宽泛意义的奔跑,是一种实践活动,鸟儿学飞足“跑”,去了某地可以说“跑一趟”,读一本书可以说目光“奔跑”,思考一个复杂的问题可以说思想的野马在“奔跑”等等,挖掘潜力很大。“体”即“亲身经验”“体察”,“验”即“检查”“查看”,两者整合指“亲身实践”或“通过实践认识阁嘲事物”。综合起来可理解“跑的体验”就是指“亲身实践的体套或认识”。
3.结构词性分析法。
分析话题的短语结构和词性特点,明确思考的重点和方向。如2004年湖北卷“买镜”属动宾结构,“买”是一个“拿钱换东两”的商业行为,“镜”是名词,有着丰富的寓意,话题的关键是对“镜”的抽象意义的挖掘。
4.反义推断法。
运用词义相反相对的现象对话题进行分析和推断,明确思考的角度和范围。如2004年上海卷话题“忙”,其反义词就足“闲”,将两者放到一齐来分析,就会发观,“忙”与“闲”不是绝对的,关键取决于个人的心态和思想境界。
5.造句拓展法。
用话题的词语来造句,打开理解的思路,准确把握话题的内涵。由单个词或一个短语构成的话题都可用这种方法,如2005年高考山东卷的“双赢的智慧”,我们就可以造出这样一些句子来:他有双赢的智慧,经商中需要双赢的智慧,中国对外交往中双赢的智慧,人际交往中双赢的智慧,集体和个人实现双赢的智慧,双赢的智慧来自共同的需要,双赢的智慧是最好的智慧,双赢的智慧实现共同发展……这样有多少造多少,思路得以开阔,对话题的理解也就活了。
6.语段揣摩法。
无话题的材料作文,分析材料中心,揣摩材料的情味是准确审题的关键。如2005年上海卷要求写流行文化对我们成长的影响,三段背景材料列举了武侠、言情、韩删、卡通等现象,审题时思考点就应该围绕此现象,入乎其中地体悟,出乎其外地客观分析,然后提出自己的观点或中心。
7.情味揣摩法。
揣摩话题的情味,准确理解题旨的意义。如今年广东卷的再题“纪念”,写作时就要弄清“纪念”一词的情味是褒扬的。如写纪念胜利60周年,就一定带有怀念胜利的成份,带有对正义与和平胜利的珍惜之情,绝不能只写铭记历史教训,不忘历史的耻辱。
8.明辨关系法。
对关系型话题作文,弄清概念之间的关系是审准题的关键。概念间的关系,我们除了套用复句间的关系外,还可考虑辩证关系,发展关系等。今年全国卷三套题都是关系型话题,其中第一套“出人意料和情理之中”,第二套“位置与价值”,第三套“铭记与忘记”。从总体看三个套题都是辩证统一的关系,但具体分析,还有不同:“出人意料和情理之中”,前面是前提,后面是结果;“位置和价值”,前者是条件,后者是哥评判角度;“铭记与忘记”,是具体问题具体分析的选择关系。只有这样深入思考,才能准确审出题意。
9.图形联想法。
对图形类话题,找到图形与生活现象的相似点是把握题旨的关键。当然这个相似点可以不止一个,只要恰切即可。如画一个圆,让学生联想作文,就既可写“十五月儿圆”,又可写“车轮滚滚”,还可写“圆眼睛”“圆滑”“圆脸”等等。如今年福建卷的“圆与星形”的联想作文,可根据图形下面的文字??“我规范,我稳定,我周长短,面积大”和“我新颖,我多变,我周长长,面积小”来联想,这样它就成了相容性选择关系话题了。
l0.寓意分析法。
对寓意性话题,只有分析寓意,才能审准话题。如今年浙江卷的“一枝一叶一世界”,其中“一枝一叶”,寓指生活中的细小事物、细小的情节或细小的动作等,“一世界”就指反映的内容丰富,意义重大等。
“慎思之”,即谨慎地思考话题的现实意义,寻找它和生活现象的联系点或相似点。“文章合为时为著”,这是古人一直倡导的现实主义文风,这在今天也必须坚持。可有的学生就是忽略了这一点,编故事不考虑当今的时代特点,议论不思考能否针对现实问题,寓言、科幻离开了社会环境……这就形成了浮躁的文风和虚假的作文态度。
我们所说的现实性包括两个方面:一是抒发真实的情感,以情感鼓舞人;二是解决现实的认识或思想问题,以思想启迪人。
审题时,我们要谨慎思考的有四个方面:一是围绕话题町以想到些什么现实中的人和事;二是这些人和事可从哪个角度切入;三是怎样表达自己的思想或认识,是记叙描写,还是议论抒情;四是我的思想是不是做到了与时俱进,辩证深入。只有把这四个方面理清了,思路才算明晰了。
高考话题作文范文2
话题作文通过提示语设定写作范围,给出的提示性语句一般有良好的导向性,便于学生选取切入角度,轻松作文。但从学生作文现状来看,存在的主要问题是:“话”不真实,“话”不健康、不正确,“俗话”“套话”“废话”一大堆。鉴于此,就“话题作文”该写什么“话”,给同学们谈四点意见:
一、写熟悉的“兴趣话”
同学们作文时应该写自己熟悉的事、熟悉的人,熟才能生巧,才能在有限的考试时间内完成600字左右的文章。当然,仅仅是“熟悉”的“话”还不行,还得是自己感兴趣的想写想说的“话”,有些“话”很熟悉却不感兴趣,这尽量不去写,有些“话”既熟悉又感兴趣,这便是要力求写的“话”。如一位同学在《生活随想》中写道:
《零下一度》被我弄丢了,食堂吃饭时不见的。还有一小段没看完就不见了。天啊,我的《零下一度》,我的韩寒!
从韩寒的《三重门》开始,我就喜欢他的文章,犀利、幽默中带着一些叛逆。大人们说:那小子,光凭着写几篇文章,是不会有大出息的,因为他的数理化全部挂红灯,还因此留过级呢!可韩寒还是继续笔伐应试教育。呵呵!我喜欢!也许是我的数理化也时常不及格吧!
多有趣的事,同学们难道就没有吗?为何不这样写呢?
二、写活泼的“学生话”
“学生话”是什么样的话呢?我认为首先是活泼的,其次是有文采,最后还应是发展变化的。下面选取了2003年中考满分作文(吉林省)中的一个片断,让同学们来品评一下“学生话”的魅力。
陶醉于婉转起伏的音乐中,我读懂了“大江东去”的雄壮,感受“无言独上西楼”“只是朱颜改”的心境,体会“随风潜入夜,润物细无声”的美妙,聆听“杨柳岸晓风残月”的婉约。
音乐在冰释的流水中激荡回肠,我的思绪不知不觉走进了硝烟弥漫,鼓声连绵的三国称雄时代——
三、写时髦的“新鲜话”
所谓时髦的“新鲜话”就是要有很强的时代性,要体现时代精神。我以为“时髦的新鲜话”应该具备三个特点:一是时效性强,二是有意义、有价值,三是备受青睐。如“三峡电站”“三峡移民”“洪灾”“SARS”“2008中国奥运”之类的事肯定是“时髦的”而且“新鲜的”。如2003年中考重庆市一考生以两封书信写就的《责任》赢得阅卷老师的一致好评。小作者以父亲写给儿子,要求托人帮忙不搬迁。儿子回信给父亲,以“舍小家为大家”的积极进步的观念劝说父亲,最后完成了移民的任务。这就是“以小见大”的典范文章,以父子俩的思想行动来反映广大人民群众对“移民”的理解和支持。总之,“时髦的新鲜话”是话题作文写“话”的关键所在。只有如此,话题作文才会吸引人,才有发展的道路。
话题作文拟题的四个“五”
作文拟题指导追求的五个目的:新颖性、醒目性、点睛性、文采性、丰富性。
作文拟题的五个要求:
1.标题范围要小,不要太大太泛;要合理出新,不落俗套。如果标题万一太大,可用副标题的方式加以限制。
2.标题不能过长,过长显得松散。多用词语或短语,一般不用句子。
3.标题要含蓄,含蓄能起到言有尽而意无穷的作用,且能加深阅卷老师对文章内容的印象和体会。
4.标题不能等同于话题。
5.标题应根据文体拟题。
作文拟题的五个方法:
1.修辞式:
(1)比喻:《为感情装上滤网》《乘着理智的翅膀飞翔》《在认知的天平上不要加感情的砝码》;《诚信是金》《诚信是那片洁净的绿叶》《诚信——开启未来的钥匙》。
(2)反问:《难道无情就是真豪杰》;《人生岂可丢诚信?》。
(3)设问:《雾里看花,行吗?》《帘布背后是美人吗?》。
(4)借代:《愿生命化作那朵莲花》;《黄河需要诚信》。
(5)对偶:《兼听则明,偏听则暗》;《点燃诚信之灯,照亮人生长路》。
(6)拟人:《别让感情去挑认知的担子》;《百元假钞的自述》《“诚信”漂流记》。
(7)呼告:《朋友,请擦亮你的眼睛》《人啊,请走出亲情的旋涡》;《诚信,归来兮》。
(8)引用:《道是无情却有情》《只缘身在此山中》;《咬定青山不放松》。
2.化用式:《都是“情”字惹的祸》《怎一个“亲”字了的》《是对是错总关情》《感情与理智齐飞》《天若有情天亦错》;《世间有百媚千红,我独爱诚信这一种》《诚信,直叫人生死相许》《若为人生故,诚信不可抛》。
3.悬念式:《如果情为主宰……》;《假如没有了诚信……》
4.公式式:采用数学的形式作标题,借以昭示所要表达的主旨,具有直观、醒目、富有哲理、吸引人等特点,往往收到出奇制胜之效。数学中的恒等式《情感+理智=完美人生》、不等式《感情亲疏≠正确认知》《理智>情感》;
5.反常式:《拍卖诚信》《打捞诚信》
作文拟题的五个取材范围:(以“比”和“珍惜”话题为例)
1.诗词佳句。
文质兼美的诗词佳句或富有哲理、或形象生动,是“语言的珍珠”,历来为人们所喜爱。《若为人生故,比拼不可抛》《谁言寸草心,报得三春晖》《流光容易把人抛》。
2.流行歌曲。
中学生喜欢的歌曲是他们积累的巨大财富,用歌词做题目会使文章充满浪漫诗意。《何不潇洒“比”一回》《都是“攀比”惹的祸》《把握生命里的每一分钟》等。
3.用成语做题目典雅庄重。
《尺有所短,寸有所长》《他山之石,可以攻玉》。
4.广告词。
《远离,珍惜生命》《比拼,一切皆有可能》《生命不息,比拼不已》。
5.用俗语,口语做题目生动形象。
高考话题作文范文3
以白色污染为话题的英语范文【一】
White pollution attributable to carelessly lost throw, difficult to degradation processes, resulting in the serious pollution of the urban environment. White pollution of primarily from food package with people pace of life, social life forward facilitation, health development. In order to meet this demand, disposable foam plastic food containers, plastic bags, chopsticks, glass and other start frequently entered the people's daily life. These easy to use, affordable packaging materials to people's lives and brought its advantages. But on the other hand, these packaging materials in use after being throw, result in "white pollution"; formation of environmental hazards, as environmental issues. Pack, foam-filled packaging, snack box, mulch, etc. The use of plastic bags, bags and baskets, reduce garbage, let the Earth more beautiful!
The problem of “white pollution” caused by used plastic is becoming increasingly serious, in which plastic shopping bags play an important role. In China about three billion plastic shopping bags are consumed every day, which results in a great waste of resources and heavy environmental pollution.
Luckily, The government has put a nationwide ban on the use of free plastic bags, demanding that all stores and supermarkets not provide customers with free plastic bags after June 1. The rule will undoubtedly reduce the use of plastic bags and enhance the awareness of environmental protection. It is highly advocated that we should turn to cloth bags and shopping baskets from now on.
以白色污染为话题的英语范文【二】
white pollution refers to plastic pollution. it is a new member of pollution family, but it grows fast. unrecyclable plastic lunch boxes line along railroads. plastic shopping bags dance in the wind. when leaders are busy mapping out blueprints for the future, one colour white from white pollution becomes their headache.
everything in the life circle deserves its place on earth. if we continue using plastic lunch boxes, shopping bags and other unrecyclable plastic productsmwhat would happen ⅱ one day they might bury us in an ocean of white rubbishg then the earthmour common home, would be a dustbin.
to prevent this nightmare from coming true, governments need to work closely with each other and back up their verbal commitment by actions. however, it is not enough only to ask what governments can do to get rid of white pollution, we must ask ourselves what we as individuals can do to colour the earth green instead of white.
以白色污染为话题的英语范文【三】
Throw the white pollution plastic bag suround the environment was not very good.I never do that,I think environment need ours to protect.If everyone threw the plastic bag in the ground,our city will to be bad.Protect the environment it's ours duty.
高考话题作文范文4
以潮流为话题的英语范文【一】
In China, the woman who is more than 40 year-old is called Da Ma, it has to be admitted that Da Ma is a powerful group, they own certain money at hand, we always hear about the news about them buying house everywhere or flying to the foreign country to buy the brands. The large group now has invaded the square at night, when the night comes, several groups of Da Ma go to the square, playing the music and dance until 9 o’clock. About few years ago, only few women would do this, but now, as the economy develops, people live a better life, so they begin to find entertainment. Da Ma have made the square dance popular, when we go out at night, we may find them dance everywhere. I think square dance is a good way for people to get exercise, they can keep fit.
以潮流为话题的英语范文【二】
Micro-blogging is no longer a strange word. More precisely, it has become part of our life.
As for me, many factors contribute to the widespread of Micro-blogging. First, it is very convenient for people to express their instant feelings at any time. Second, it provides a chance for people to release their inner stress. By revealing their heartfelt emotions on the Micro-blogging, their friends may also know about their conditions and can offer in-time comfort.
However, Micro-blogging can also be potentially dangerous as it may give away people’s privacy and other significant information.
All in all, Micro-blogging provides us comfort and also inevitably some concerns. We should be careful while using it.
以潮流为话题的英语范文【三】
Many people, especially young college students, like pop songs. They hum small tunes all the way to their schools and seem to be never tired of this. Some of them are even mad about pop songs, rock'n'roll in particular. They shout and shout until their voices become hoarse.
高考话题作文范文5
Almost all of us heard the story "Here Comes the Wolf" when we were little kids. What we can learn from the story is that we must be honest. However, there're lots of phenomena of dishonesty nowadays.
Being dishonest does great harm not only to other people but also to yourself. Take the case of fake milk powder for example. After drinking this kind of milk, the babies had big heads while their legs and arms were still thin, which badly affected their health. To our great relief, the producers got accused and punished for all the serious consequences in the end.
Having the reputation of being honest and reliable will make other people trust you, which will provide you many benefits and give you opportunities that others may not get. Being honest, you will find it easier to cooperate with others and people will be friendly to you and support you. In a sense, if life is a longjourney, honesty will be the backpack that should be taken along all the way.
Let's pick up our "backpack" -- honesty, and start the wonderful journey!
【参考翻译】
几乎所有的人都听过这个故事:“狼来了”,当我们小的时候。我们可以从这个故事中得到的东西是我们必须诚实。然而,现在有很多不诚实的现象。
不诚实不仅对别人有害,而且对你自己也有很大的危害。以假奶粉为例。喝了这种牛奶后,婴儿的腿和胳膊仍然很瘦,他们的健康状况很差,他们的健康状况很严重。我们的杰出的救济,生产者有指责和受到惩罚的结束所有的严重后果。
做一个诚实可靠的人会让别人相信你,这会给你带来很多好处,给你机会。诚实,你会发现很容易与他人合作,人们会对你友好和支持你。从某种意义上说,如果人生是长途旅行,诚实将要采取的路上背包。
高考话题作文范文6
以手机控为话题的高考英语作文
Directions:
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your view on people’s addiction to smartphones. You should give sound argument to support your views and write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
以手机控为话题的高考英语作文范文:
Addiction to Smartphones
Do you check your smartphone frequently? Do you feel distracted if your smartphone is not with you? When there’s no wifi or signal for your smartphone, will you get irritated? If you say yes, then you’ve got addiction to smartphones. Smartphone addiction is a phenomenon that causes a lot of troubles to people.
In the first place, it may cause some problems to your health, such as visual fatigue, cervical spondylosis, and even neurasthenia. A friend of mine suffers from a serious spine collapse due to her addiction to smartphones during pregnancy.
Secondly, if you keep playing with your phone when you are with your friends or family, you will spend less time talking to them. In fact, it is they who need and deserve to be cared for.
Lastly, an excessive reliance on smartphones may weaken your interpersonal skills. When you cannot find a place, you consult your GPS instead of consulting local people. You spare more time playing mobile games than playing real games with real people. As time passes, it’s possible that you may have difficulty in communicating with people.
Therefore, isn’t it better to get rid of smartphone addiction?