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阅读理解范文1
1.掌握所读材料的主旨和大意，以及用以说明主旨和大意的事实和细节；2.既理解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念；3.根据上下文提供的线索推测生词的词义；4.既理解字面的意思，也理解深层的含义，包括作者的态度、意图等；5.既理解某句、某段的含义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并据此进行推理和判断；6.既能根据所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应有的常识去理解；7.理解文章的基本结构；8.根据文中提供的信息用恰当的词语完成与短文相关的图表。根据这八项要求，我们可将阅读理解选择题归纳为以下几种题型：细节理解题、主题或主旨题和推理判断题。下面本人结合平时教学中的经验体会，谈一谈做英语阅读理解题的技巧与策略。
一、细节题
此类题型属于客观题，是阅读考查中难度最小的题型，学生容易得分。这类题型多以what，which，where等疑问词开头，后接短文具体内容。这类题型只需通读全文找到相关信息，对其材料中的数字、事实、物体以及部分与整体的关系，时间关系、地点关系、并列和从属的关系等给予注意就可直接找到，或稍加归纳就可找到正确答案。常用的短文具体细节的提问方式有以下几种：
1.以what / which / where等疑问词开头，后接短文具体内容。2.以from the text...， according to...开头，后接短文具体内容。3.以某个细节提问。4.true / not true提问。5.就短文的划线词、短语或句子进行词义猜测，猜测代词所指，句义理解等提问。6.就文中细节进行简单计算、排序和识图等提问。
二、主旨大意题
此类题型考查学生在语言水平上对文章的把握，能否分辨主体和细节，是否具备提纲挈领的能力。要求学生必须在十分有限的时间内，运用略读、扫读和跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句。寻找主题句是解答此类题型最常用的方法。主题句的出现往往有以下几种形式：
1. 开门见山式。所谓开门见山也就是在文章的开头就给出了段落的中心即主题句，此种形式多出现在用演绎法撰写的文章中。若短文由若干段组成，除仔细阅读文章第一段的首句外，还需仔细阅读每一段的第一、二句，即段落中心。
2. 绵里藏针式。
有些文章的主题思想不是通过一两句话就可以表达的。这时就需要通读全文，抓住关键词或主要点来归纳中心思想。
3. 画龙点睛式。即文章表述细节在前，概述性的句子居后，此时主题句就是文章的最后一句，末尾点题。
三、推理判断题
阅读理解范文2
Do you face the problem of getting on weight? Are you too fat or too weighty? If you answer “Yes”, you need to lose your weight. Then you may ask, “ What’s the best way of losing weight?” Here are some tips for losing weight:
First, you need to go on a diet(节食) at once. You must keep the habits of having three meals a day. You need to eat a lot of fruit and vegetables. You also need to eat a lot of grains and lean meat(瘦肉). You mustn’t eat fat or sweet food. Second, you can drink much tea, fruit juice or slim milk(脱脂奶粉). Instead, you mustn’t drink coffee or fatty milk. Third, you can have more sports, such as running, hiking, swimming. You’d better not always stay at home or in your office. When you are free, you can travel with your friends. If you do so, you’ll lose your weight soon.
1. The writer tells us how to________ if we are too fat or too weighty.
A. eat more food B. go to many classes
C. sleep in bed D. lose our weight
2. The first tip in the passage is________.
A. taking some medicine B. going on a diet
C. dancing and singing D. boating every day
3. The second tip is about________.
A. taking part in sports B. family problem
B. eating D. drinking
4. The writer advised us to________.
A. have more exercise B. stay at the desk
C. eat big meals D. enjoy junk food
5. The passage is mainly about________.
A. how to lose weight
B. how to avoid worrying problems
C. why eating is the first problem
D. why travel is good for you
(B)
The students in Shanghai No. 3 Girls’ High School have a flower-arrangement(插花) lesson every week. The course is the first of its kind among middle schools in Shanghai. It helps the students to better enjoy the beauty of flowers. That’s why the course has become very popular among the students.
The teachers of the course are very good at this art and a number of students in the class have won prizes in Shanghai. In order to further develop the students’ interests, the teachers usually play music while the students are arranging flowers. Sure enough, the students are so pleased with the music that better ideas for flower-arrangement may come into their minds.
What’s more, the teachers also ask the students to do some writing about flowers. In this way, the students should not only learn how to arrange flowers, but also push themselves to make their writing better. Several months ago, a meeting was held in the school. The students showed great artistic skill in flower-arrangement. The foreign friends took a great number of photos and spoke highly of the students for their knowledge of the art.
6.________ is the first of its kind among middle schools in Shanghai.
A. The flower-arrangement lesson in Shanghai No. 3 Girls’ High School
B. Writing flower-feeling
C. Playing music
D. Arranging flowers in a class
7. The teachers who________ usually play music while the students are ar-ranging flowers.
A. do well in music
B. like writing
C. are good at arranging flowers
D. are best at English and writing
8. From the passage we learn the students like________ when they are having a flower-arrangement lesson.
A. dancing B. listening to music
C. telling stories D. making many jokes
9. After reading the passage we know the teachers use________ to make the lesson interesting and useful.
A. only one way B. different ways
C. strange ideas D. relaxing stories
10. The foreign friends spoke highly of the students because________.
A. they wanted to get the nice flowers
B. they were touched by the students’ polite behavior
C. they were impressed by the students’ good writing
D. they admired the students’ knowledge of the art
(C)
How to apply for(申请) a free mailbox? First you have to connect to the Internet and go to the homepage of the ICP providing free mailboxes. Then you will find an icon(图标) showing “apply for a free mailbox”. Click the icon, an agreement about the rules(条约的协议) for using the free mailbox will appear. If you want to go, click the icon“ I agree”. Then you have to fill in a form(填表) about your basic personal data(个人资料), and the name and PIN(个人身份号码) of the mailbox. The PIN is the key to the mailbox. After finishing these, you will get a mailbox like this: your name @mail server(for example, tvguide@ mail. cctv. com. cn. “tvguide” is the name of the mailbox, and “mail. cctv. com. cn” is the name of the mail server.). The mailbox is separated into two parts by a separator @, which is read as “at”. The former is the name of the mailbox, the latter is the domain name(域名) of the mails’ server. All mails to you will be received by the server and put into your mailbox. You can read these mails on any computer on the Internet in the world, if you have the name and PIN of the mailbox.
根据短文内容,回答下列问题｡
11. What’s the first step to apply for a free mailbox?
12. Can you see many agreements about the rules for using the free mailbox?
13. What will happen if you don’t agree to the agreement?
14. How many parts can we see in a mailbox?
15. Can you read all the mails if you don’t have the name and PIN of the mailbox?
Key:
1-5 DBDAA6-10 ACBBD
11. Connecting to the Internet and going to the homepage of the ICP providing free maiboxes is the first step.
阅读理解范文3
It was Mother’s Day. John was so busy with his work that he couldn’t go back home. When he passed by a flower shop in the evening, an idea came to his mind. “I’ll send Mum some roses(玫瑰).”
While John was picking his flowers, a young man went inside, “How many roses can I get only five dollars, Madam?” he asked. The assistant was trying to tell him roses were as expensive as forty dollars a dozen(一打). Maybe he would be happy with carnations(康乃馨).
“No, I have to have red roses.” He said, “My mum was badly ill last year and I didn’t get to spend much time with her. Now I want to get something special, it has to be roses or rose is her favorite.”
After hearing it, John said he would pay the rest of the money for the young man. Moved by both of them, the assistant said, “Well, lovely young men, thirty dollars a dozen, only for you.” Taking the roses, the young man almost jumped into the air and ran out of the shop. It was well worth twenty-five dollars John paid to see the exciting moment. Then John paid for his dozen of roses and told the assistant to send them to his mother.
As he walked out, he felt nice. Suddenly he saw the young man crossing the street and going into a park. But soon he realized it was not a park but a cemetery(墓地). Crying, the young man carefully laid the roses, “Mum, oh, Mum, why didn’t I tell you how much I loved you? God, please help me find my mum and tell her I love her. ”
Seeing this, John turned and quickly walked to the shop. He would take the flowers home himself.
46. The assistant tried to ask the young man buy carnations instead of roses because__________.
A. carnations were nicer than roses B. roses were nicer than roses
C. roses were more expensive than carnations
D. carnations were special flowers for Mother’s Day
47.John spent ______ altogether(总共) in the flower shop that day.
A.＄5B.＄25 C.＄30D.＄55
48. The young man cried at the tomb because he_________.
A. had spent all his money on the roses
B. wasn’t able to tell his mother he loved her himself
C. felt sorry to ask John to pay for his flowers
D. hadn’t got enough money for his sick mother
49. At last John changed his mind and went home because he wanted to ________.
A. tell his mother he loved her himself
B. ask his mother for more money
C. tell his mother the young man’s story
D. ask his mother if she liked roses
50. The writer writes the passage to tell us“________.”
A. Buy roses for your mother when she is ill
B. Let your mother know how much you love her
C. Work hard to get more money for your mother
D. Send your mother flowers on Mother’s Day
[解析]
46. C因为the young man只有5美元，所以the assistant让他买便宜的花。
47. D因为the assistant说“thirty dollars a dozen, only for you”，再加上年轻人有5美元，所以John应该是花了55美元。
48. B由句意可知，年轻人因为没有亲自向死去的母亲说出“我爱你”而感到后悔和难过。
阅读理解范文4
关键词 阅读理解 记录加旁注 歌诀
中图分类号：G632 文献标识码：A
我们注意到：我市的几次统考，语文阅读失分尤为凸显。我们殚精竭虑，引领和鼓励课外阅读也几近于喋喋不休，然而一考试往往失利，为什么呢？对此，大家是见仁见智，但我们要提请留意的是：阅读、作文，乃至等英语科的失分，都有阅读理解的问题。而课堂阅读教学的迷失与课外阅读的欠缺仍是重要原因。我们仅提出几点建议，并将梳理编成的阅读理解助学歌诀一并呈示。
1课堂阅读教学要有“书记”
我们费尽心力，课堂教学也能搞得有声有色。但在观摩课上，很少见教师要求在书中记录或加注的。而广大教师的常态化教学，确有要求写主题思想段意之类，但不少学生的书里却是过于干净的。仅仅是课堂上的浮光掠影，或析理入微，也是靠不住的，还必要有笔下功夫。我们是从一年级就开始有“书记”的，中高年级就更不必说了。中心、段意、句子含义、阅读体会、阅读基础知识、课后简要题解等，大都是减缩扼要板书，要学生标记或加注于书中的。学习时写，每逢复习还要涉及，因不脱离文本，就能潜移默化，逐渐形成阅读理解与感悟，对阅读成绩的提高就很有效，这也是效仿读书加批注的方法。
2拓展诵读悦读
没有课外悦读的涵润，没有背诵的滋养，只在课本中寻寻觅觅，而期造就莫言似的大家，几乎是不可能的。语文如此，英语、历史等学科亦如是。拓展课外诵读悦读必要从娃娃起步。我们从刚入学不到两个月――学完拼音，就开始尝试诵读课外内容了，先背完《三字经》的大部分，选背《千字文》《弟子规》各一部分，约1000字；接着就解读背诵冯兆海编集的《名言警句等分类“韵文”》，不认识的就边解读边注音。而其实验班，期中期末考试全市排名都在前列。有了一定的识字量，再激励读带拼音的课外书，复习了拼音，扩大了识字量，懂得了道理，习得了智慧，积累着思想，从小培养了读书兴趣……半年里，就有能背诵近2500字的了。读了些图书，说说梗概――也是在培养语感；确认读过后，据书的厚薄粘上小红旗就是激励。课外、早自习，或自习课做题快的，都可以鼓励诵读。这对于励志明理与自我教育等是一举多得。假期里，又背诵《名言警句等分类“韵文”》3000字。到了一年级结束，经典背诵达8000字，平均每人读课外图书110多本，期中较厚的有达20多本的。孩子因读书而喜悦，而增才长智。我们的语文以及各科教学也因此变得顺畅。
好思想不能凭空而来，主要靠悦读诵读。而有了较丰富的积淀，阅读理解能力就能增强。而对于孩子的非智力因素的激发，更难以量化，厚积薄发靠底蕴。培养阅读理解能力及其兴趣，我们就当及早起步。
3阅读基础知识宜分散落实
阅读基础知识的积累不能一蹴而就，宜从点滴做起，分散落实在每一课阅读教学和课后训练当中。这是循序渐进的内化过程。之后，在练习复习中，运用巩固，再整理，才顺理成章。
4用阅读知识助学歌诀帮助阅读理解
阅读知识也是连篇累牍，教师整理讲解与学生自读都较令人感到乏味而效果微微。整理编成歌诀，教师提纲挈领，记诵就较愉悦轻松。现呈示如下。
阅读知识助学歌诀
4.1认识句型
（1）修辞格的作用。比喻具体又生动，拟人形象更鲜明。夸张烘托能感染，对偶凝练易吟诵。设问引思与注意，借代突出某特征。排比气势节奏明，反问加强语气强感情。
（2）从语气、写法、复句分。语气――陈述祈使感叹疑问句，写法――总起过渡描写中心句。复句――承接并列与因果，选择转折条件递进与假设。
（3）病句。病句――成分残缺有重复，搭配不当词序误。用词不当有矛盾，不合事理意含糊。
4.2阅读理解
4.2.1记叙文
时地人事记叙文，物景叙事又写人。写人记事表现与反映，写景表达赞美情。生活习性写动物，植物生长言习性。喜爱之情多状物，表达赞美与赞颂。
选材――主次详略有典型，表达――叙写说议与抒情。
顺序――贯通条理清，倒叙悬念引入胜；插叙补充烘托更完整，补叙补充与说明。
手法――托物联想渲染衬托有象征，抑扬反衬比拟对比呼应等。
结构――领起过渡与承启，铺垫卒章显志与照应。
描写肖像神情心理言行正侧面，叙述起因经过结果议论是点睛；升华主题可抒情，托物言志直抒与借景。环境描写交代烘托为主题，写景空间远近移步换景与动静。注意五觉味嗅触视听。
语言――准确平实自然与清新，含蓄幽默形象与生动。
说明――形象具体说清更具说服力，作比较、列数据；图表分类举例下定义。
分段方法――时地推移空间变，人出感情事发展。叙述方式观角度，标志情节之主线。
4.2.2议论文
引论本论结论三段论，论点论据与论证。
论证方法――引证例证喻证与理证，对比类比归谬与反证。
语言――概括喻证与生动，准确鲜明句式多变动；层层推进环环扣，逻辑严密性；比喻对比排比与类比，成语俗语谚语等。
论证结构――并列与总分，对照与递进。
4.2.3说明文
说明顺序――因果与时空，整部概具主次明；现象本质特点用途总分总。
结构特点―― 引对象，详说总结收尾行，横式纵式或纵横；并列与总分，承接与递进。
说明方法――数字描写可比喻，引用诠释比较与定义，分类图表分析综合与举例。把握对象之特征，语言――准确简明也生动。
阅读记录加批注，阅读理解能感悟。
5在作文教学中渗透
读与写不可分，读中学写，写可促读，在作文教学中，就要渗透阅读知识。如上歌诀中的内容，都可在指导习作中运用，而这种理解是深刻的。
参考文献
阅读理解范文5
为了方便同学们学习，提高同学们的学习效率，特别是阅读理解能力，下面给大家分享一些关于心窗阅读理解答案，希望对大家有所帮助。
心窗母亲为儿子整理衣服时，发现儿子衬衣袖子上的纽扣松动了。
她决定给儿子钉一下。
儿子很年轻，却已是一名声誉日隆的作家。tiānf()和勤奋成就了他的今天。母亲因此而骄傲她是作家的母亲!
屋子里很静，只有儿子敲击键盘的嘀嘀嗒嗒声，为他行云流水的文字伴奏。母亲能从儿子的神态上看出，他正文思泉涌。她在抽屉里找针线时，不敢弄出一点声响，惟恐打扰了儿子。还好，母亲发现了一个线管，针就插在线管上。她把它们取出来，轻轻推好抽屉。
可她遇到了麻烦，当年的绣花女连针也穿不上了。一个月前她还穿针引线缝被子，现在明明看见针孔在那儿，就是穿不进。
她不相信视力下降得这么厉害，再次把线头伸进嘴里rshī()，再次用左手的食指和拇指把它捻得又尖又细，再次抬起手臂，让眼睛与针的距离最近，再试一次。
还是失败。
再试
线仍未穿进针眼里。
儿子在对文章进行后期排版，他从显示屏上看见反射过来的母亲，zhngzh()了。他忽然觉得自己就是那根缝衣针，虽然与母亲朝夕相处，可他的心却被没完没了的文章堵死了。母爱的丝线在他这里已找不到进出的孔，可她还是不甘放弃。
儿子的眼睛热了。他这才想起许久不曾和母亲交流过感情，也没有关心过她的衣食起居了。
妈，我来帮你。儿子离开电脑，只一刹那，丝线穿针而过。母亲笑纹如花，用心为儿子钉起纽扣来，像在缝合一个美丽的梦。
儿子知道今后该怎么做了。因为，母亲很容易满足，比如，只是帮她穿一根针，实现她为你钉一颗纽扣的愿望，使她付出的爱畅通无阻。如此简单。
阅读指津：
可怜天下父母心，可爱天下父母心。
一根小小的针线牵引着儿女负担不起的舔犊之情，连结着母亲与儿子的交流之桥。母亲看到儿子的衬衣纽扣松了，准备给儿子钉一下，但又不忍打乱正在写作的儿子，可她却无法穿针引线。母亲穿针引线的细节描写让我们在视觉在情感上受到强烈的感染，多么伟大的母爱啊。幸好儿子从显示屏上看到了艰难的母亲，帮了母亲一把。儿子一个小小的动作，既完成了对母亲的回报，又完成了与母亲的交流，也缝合了一个关于母爱子子孝母的美丽的梦。
结尾说母亲像个迷路的孩子，而使她找不到家门的，常常是我们这些儿女的粗心大意。是啊，当我们一点一点长大的时候，我们却忘了我们的母亲，忘了母亲的含辛茹苦，忘了母亲的呕心沥血。付出永远大于回报，这便是圣洁的母亲情怀。
回报母亲其实很简单，如文中的儿子帮母亲穿针引线一样，请你在日常生活中帮母亲梳一次头，洗一次脚，离家时与母亲打声招呼，吃饭时给母亲夹一口菜，这便是对母亲的回报，对母亲的感恩。
阅读题：
1.从文中找出二个成语。
()()
2.为什么小女孩看到一堵黑墙时，心会豁然开朗?
()
3.你今后准备怎样对待挫折和悲伤?
________________
参考答案：
1、心旷神怡、豁然开朗
2、因为小女孩明白了老太太善意谎言的用意，是为了鼓励自己克服目前暂时的困境，不要苦不堪言，度日如年，整日以泪洗面。
要坚强。相信你以后还会像窗外美丽的景色。是为自己打开一扇心窗。
3、要勇敢地面对现实、对待挫折、对待悲伤。
阅读理解范文6
The Skyscrapers in New York City New York is the most exciting city in the United States. It is not only the center of commerce and business for the United States, but also one of the three “world cities”. Together with London and Tokyo, it controls the world’s finance. There are many high-rise business buildings in this city. People call them skyscrapers. The tallest skyscraper was the World Trade Center. It had 110 floors. Sadly, this building was destroyed（被摧毁） by the terrorist attack on Sep. 11, 2001, and yet, the glory and image of it still remain vividly（生动地） in the memory of the world people. The Empire State Building is not as tall as the World Trade Center, but it is the tallest building in New York City now. It has 102 floors. The skyscrapers in New York City are world-famous for their grandeur and their beautiful architecture（建筑）. Every year millions of people come to visit them.
1.What kind of city is New York? It is___________.
A. the biggest city B. the most beautiful city
C. the most exciting city D. the hottest city
2. Why is New York very important? Because __________.
A. it’s in the middle B. it controls the world’s finance
C. it controls the world’s banks D. it has many people
3. How do people call those high-rise buildings? They call them __________.
A. skycrapers B. skyscrapers C. skys D. scrapers
4. How many floors did the World Trade Center have? It had _________.
A. 112 B. 92 C. 102 D. 110
5. What is the Empire State Building famous for? It is _________.
A. the tallest B. beautiful and majestic
C. the greatest D. the oldest
B
Everybody wants to be healthy. You know food is very important. There are many healthy foods. You can have more bananas, apples, oranges, tomatoes and lettuce because fruits and vegetables are good for you. But don’t eat too much chocolate. It’s not good for you. But don’t eat too much chocolate. It’s not good healthy food. Healthy food can make you grow and make you strong and happy. Remember there is a saying,“An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” Sports can also keep you healthy. Get up early and do some sports every day. Don’t be lazy! You will be healthy and happy.
1. Which is right?
A. Everybody is healthy. B. We want to be healthy. C. We are important.
2. What are healthy foods?
A. Fruits and vegetables. B. Bananas, apples and chocolate.
C. Fruits and chocolate.
3. Why are healthy foods good for you?
A. They make you happy. B. They make you grow strong.
C. They make you grow and make you strong and happy.
4. “An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” means（意思是）：_______
A. The doctor goes away when he sees an apple.
B. The doctor runs away when you give him an apple.
C. You eat an apple every day and you can be healthy.
5. What keeps you healthy?
A. Fruits and vegetables. B. Healthy food. C. Healthy food and sports.
C
Americans usually eat three meals a day.Breakfast usually comes before eight o’clock in the morning. They usually have eggs, some meat, bread, fruit juice and coffee. Lunch is between twelve and one o’clock. It is like a light meal and working people must take lunch with them or get it near workplace.
Children in school take sandwiches, fruit, and cookies with them or eat in school. Supper, the main meal, is between six and eight in the evening. People cook it carefully. They may have meat or chicken, turkey and duck. They may all have potatoes or rice, vegetables or salad. The drink is coffee, tea or milk. Then comes the dessert.
1. Americans have breakfast ________.
A. after eight o’clock B. at eight o’clock
C. before eight o’clock in the morning D. in the morning
2. _______ is the most important meal in a day.
A. Breakfast B. Lunch C. Meals D. Supper
3. What does “light” mean in Chinese?
A. 重的B. 有用的C. 轻的D. 不太重要的
4. Americans usually have breakfast and supper at ______.
A. home B. office C. inn D. work place
5. When Americans have supper, _______ comes last.
A. drink B. meat C. dessert D. vegetables
D
How do I like to travel?
Many people like to travel by plane, but I don’t like it because an airport is usually far from the city. You have to get there early and wait for hours for the plane to take off and it is often late. you can’t open the window. You can’t choose the food. Planes are fast, but they still take hours to get out of the airport and into the city.
I like traveling by train. I think trains are safe. Railway stations are usually in cities. When you are late for a train you can catch another one. you can walk around in the train and open the windows. You can see many interesting things on your way. I know it takes a little more time.
I also like cars. You can start your journey when you want to, and you don’t need to get to a railway station or a bus stop. Also you can carry many things with you in a car. But sometimes there are too many cars on the road.
1. Why do many people like to travel by plane?
A. Because it is fast. B. Because it is safe.
C. Because you can walk around in the plane.
2. Which is not the good thing about the train?
A. It is safe. B. It takes a little more time. C. You can open the windows.
3. If you want to take a lot of things with you ,what do you take to go out?
A.A bus B.A car. C.A train
4. What is the bad thing about the car ?
A. you needn’t go to a station
B. you can start your journey when you want to.
C. There are too many cars on the road.
5. What does the writer think of the plane ,train and car?
A. he thinks it takes a lot of time to go to and get out of the airport.
B. He likes to take a train because it takes a little more time.
C. He likes to take a car because he has a car.
阅读理解答案
（A）Key: 1-5 CBBDB
（B）Key: 1-5 BACCC
