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愚人节的英文范文1
April Fool's Day is traditionally a day to play practical jokes on others, send people on fool's errands, and fool the unsuspecting. No one knows how this holiday began but it was thought to have originated in France.
传统上来讲,愚人节这一天,人们可以相互搞恶作剧,骗人跑腿,欺骗不知情的人。没人知道这个节日是怎么来的,但人们普遍认为它源自法国。
The closest point in time that can be identified as the beginning of this tradition was in 1582, in France. New Year's was celebrated on March 25 and celebrations lasted until April 1st. When New Year's Day as changed from March 25 to January 1st in the mid-1560's by King Charles IX, there were some people who still celebrated it on April 1st and those people were called April Fools.
庆祝愚人节最早是在1582年,在法国。那时,当时法国新年是在3月25日,一直持续到4月1日。16世纪60年代中期,国王查理九世把新年从3月25日变为1月1日,而还有一些人在4月1日过新年,这些人就被称作四月傻瓜了。
Pranks performed on April Fool's Day range from the simple, (such as saying, "Your shoe's untied!), to the elaborate. Setting a roommate's alarm clock back an hour is a common gag. The news media even gets involved. For instance, a British short film once shown on April Fool's Day was a fairly detailed documentary about "spaghetti farmers" and how they harvest their crop from the spaghetti trees. Whatever the prank, the trickster usually ends it by yelling to his victim, "April Fool!"
愚人节那天的恶作剧有的很简单(比如,说句“你鞋带开了!”),有的却是精心设计的。把室友的闹钟往后调一小时是常见的。甚至新闻媒体都来凑热闹。比如,在愚人节那天,曾经有一部英国短片较为详细地记录了“种意大利面的农民”,以及他们如何从意大利面树上收获意大利面。不管是什么恶作剧,搞恶作剧的人通常在最后会对被搞的人喊一句:"四月傻瓜!"
April Fool's Day is a "for-fun-only" observance. Nobody is expected to buy gifts or to take their "significant other" out to eat in a fancy restaurant. Nobody gets off work or school. It's simply a fun little holiday, but a holiday on which one must remain forever vigilant, for he may be the next April Fool!
愚人节是一个“仅为娱乐”的节日。谁也不用买礼物,也不用带着男/女朋友出去到一家豪华餐厅去吃饭。人们也不会放假。它仅仅是个搞笑的小节日,但是在这一天,每个人都要保持警醒,不然就要被人耍啦。
Each country celebrates April Fool's differently. In France, the April Fool's is called "April Fish" (Poisson d'Avril). The French fool their friends by taping a paper fish to their friends' backs and when some discovers this trick, they yell "Poisson d'Avril!".
每个国家用不同的方式过愚人节。在法国,愚人节被称作“April Fish”。法国人和他们的朋友是这样开玩笑的:把一张裁成鱼形的纸用胶带粘到朋友的后背上,当有人发现的时候,他们就会喊:“Poisson d'Avril!”.
In England, tricks can be played only in the morning. If a trick is played on you, you are a "noodle". In Scotland, April Fools Day is 48 hours long and you are called an "April Gowk", which is another name for a cuckoo bird. The second day in Scotland's April Fool's is called Taily Day and is dedicated to pranks involving the buttocks. Taily Day's gift to posterior posterity is the still-hilarious "Kick Me" sign.
在英国,只能在早上搞恶作剧。如果你被耍了,那你就是“面条”。在苏格兰,愚人节要持续2天,被耍的人被称为“四月布谷”。苏格兰第二天的愚人节叫做Taily Day,恶作剧主要在别人的屁股上做文章。
April Fool's joke
愚人节英文笑话
JOKE 1
Wife talking to her husband (who reads newspaper all day): I wish I were a newspaper so I'll be in your hands all day.
Husband: I wish that too, so I could change you daily
JOKE 2
A little boy asked his father: Daddy, how much does it cost to get married?
The father replied: I don 't know son. I 'm still paying!!
JOKE 3
At midnight father saw that his married son leaving home... He asks him: what are you doing?
The son replied: Dad I am fed up with my life! My newly marriage is not going well, my wife and my mom keep fighting with each other! I have to pay bills for my in-laws, and I hate this life!!! I want to go far from here, I want to taste every joy of life, and I want to have every fun of life!!!
Father said: Wait!!!!!!!! I am coming with you
JOKE 4
A woman goes to England to attend a 2-week company training session. Her husband driv
es her to the airport and wishes her to have a good trip.
The wife answered: Thank you honey, what would you like me to bring for you?
The husband laughed and said: An English girl!!!
The woman kept quiet and left. Two weeks later he picked her up in the airport and asked: So honey, how was the trip?
The wife: Very good, thank you.
The husband: And, what happened to my present?
The wife: Which present?
The husband: What I asked for: the English girl?
The wife: Oh, that! Well, I did what I could; now we have to wait a few months to see if it’s a girl!!!
JOKE 5
A couple goes to an art gallery. They find a picture of a naked woman with only her privates covered with leaves. The wife doesn 't like it and moves on, but the husband keeps looking. The wife asks, "What are you waiting for? " The husband replies, "autumn. "
JOKE 6
A man is sitting reading his newspaper when the wife sneaks up behind him and whacks(打) him on the head with a
frying pan. "What the hell was that for? " he asks. "That was for the piece of paper in your trouser pockets with the name Mary Ellen written on it, " she replies. Don 't be silly, " he says. "Two weeks ago when I went to the races(赛马), Mary Ellen was the name of one of the horses I bet on. " She seems satisfied at this, and she apologizes. Three days later he 's again sitting in his chair reading when she nails(打,俚语) him with an even bigger frying pan, knocking him out cold. When he comes around, he asks again, "What the hell was that for? " "Your fucking horse just phoned. "
JOKE 7
Wife to husband: you were so drunk last night that you insulted your boss.
Husband: piss on him! Wife: you did and he fired you!
Husband:him!
Wife: I did and you can go back to work tomorrow.
JOKE 8
A couple drove several miles down a country road with intense silence. Not a word was said to each other. An earlier discussion had led to an argument and neither want
愚人节的英文范文2
Legend also says that St. Valentine left a farewell note for the jailer's daughter, who had become his friend, and signed it "From Your Valentine".
Other aspects of the story say that Saint Valentine served as a priest at the temple during the reign of Emperor Claudius. Claudius then had Valentine jailed for defying him. In 496 A.D. Pope Gelasius set aside February 14 to honour St. Valentine.
Gradually, February 14 became the date for exchanging love messages and St. Valentine became the patron saint of lovers. The date was marked by sending poems and simple gifts such as flowers. There was often a social gathering or a ball.
In the United States, Miss Esther Howland is given credit for sending the first valentine cards. Commercial valentines were introduced in the 1800's and now the date is very commercialised.
The town of Loveland, Colorado, does a large post office business around February 14. The spirit of good continues as valentines are sent out with sentimental verses and children exchange valentine cards at school.
关于情人节的起源有许多种说法。有关人士认为情人节是一个名叫桑特-瓦伦丁的人士发起的。他是罗马人,因为拒绝放弃基督教而于公元前269年2月14日惨遭杀害,这一天也正好是全城盛行彩票抽奖的日子。
而另外一种说法更具有传奇色彩,相传桑特-瓦伦丁曾留下一本日记给了狱卒的女儿,署名为“你的情人”,据说这名狱卒的女儿就是桑特-瓦伦丁的情人。
还有其它的说法也颇为有趣。比如说有人认为在克劳迪亚斯君王统治时期,桑特-瓦仑丁曾经是一名神父,因为公然挑战克劳迪亚斯君王的权威身陷囹圄。所以公元前496年罗马教皇格莱西亚斯特意将2月14日作为一个特别的日子以纪念桑特-瓦伦丁。
此后2月14日就成为了一个具有特殊意义的日子。在这天人们向自己心仪的人传递信息以示爱意。而理所当然的桑特 瓦仑丁也就成为了为恋爱中的男女们牵线搭桥的人。在2月14日这天人们会特意做诗或者用一些小礼物送给自己心爱的人。而且人们还会组织各种各样的聚会来庆祝这个特殊的节日。
愚人节的英文范文3
Put who as a "guinea pig", I thought, by the way, can monitor the little red, who called her usual gigged I always love to the teacher, today, hey hey, see I don't kill her. On the bus in the morning, I said to her: "hey! The teacher's message received yesterday?" "What message?" She asked me a face of innocence. Look at her like that, I feel very funny, but I bit his lip, fought back a smile. "Is, is the words to copy three times yesterday, should not you missed!" She listened, apparently was frightened, busy asked me: "how do I received, over over, this is Chinese teacher to give me a good criticism." I put his hand to her shoulder, and pretend to be poor, said: "alas, silently pray for you, hope the teacher will not split you."
To school, the first section is a language lesson, she clearly very afraid, far away I could see her thighs in trembling, I can not help but laughed, the class was over, she found that he had been tricked, busy running my to "kill" me, hee hee, okay I prescient - run! Run I also said: "today is April fool's day, it will not you don't know!" She stopped running, said: "why seemed to say, I just thought, was a fool!"
Hee hee, the April fool's day is really interesting today!
今天是4月1日愚人节,哈哈,往日我为了做一个诚实的孩子,就没说过谎话,今天,终于能大骗一场,当一回“江湖大骗”了。
先把谁当作“试验品”呢,我深思熟虑,对了,就班长小红吧,谁叫她平常总爱向老师打我小报告,今天,嘿嘿,看我不整死她。早上在校车上,我对她说:“喂!昨天老师的短信收到了没?”“什么短信啊?”她一脸无辜的问我。看她那样子,我感到非常好笑,但我咬住嘴唇,强忍住了笑。“就是,就是昨天词语还要抄三遍,该不会你没抄吧!”她听了,显然害怕极了,忙问我:“我怎么没收到,完了完了,这下语文老师要好好批评我一下了。”我把手搭到她肩上,假装可怜的说:“唉,默默地为你祈祷,希望老师不会劈了你。”
愚人节的英文范文4
1.I have a big family. There are five people in my family, my grandmother, my parents and my elderly brother. My grandmother is easygoing. She has many friends near my home. Every morning and night, she walks around with her friends. My parents are doctors in the same hospital. They are always busy with their work. My brother is three years older than me. He is a middle school student. My family is happy. Although my parents are busy, they care much about me. We live a good life.
我有一个大家庭,总共有五口人,奶奶,爸爸妈妈,哥哥和我。我的奶奶很随和,邻里有很多朋友。每天早晚她都和她的朋友去散步。我的父母在同一家医院当医生,他们总是忙于工作。我的哥哥比我大三岁,是个初中生。我的家庭很幸福。尽管我的父母很忙,但是他们很关心我。我们的生活很美好。
My family
2.There are four people in my family. They are my father, my mother, my elderly brother and I. My father is a computer engineer. He works in a big company in my city. My mother is a nurse. She works hard to help patients. But she is always busy and always comes home late tiredly. My brother is three years older than me. Now, he is a middle school student. He is sunny and easygoing. He can help me a lot in my study. I am primary school student. I love my families. So do they.
我家有四口人。他们是我的父亲,我的母亲,我的哥哥,我的父亲是一名计算机工程师。他在我城市的一家大公司工作。我的母亲是一名护士。她努力帮助病人。但是她总是很忙,总是很晚才回家。我哥哥比我大三岁。现在,他是一名中学生。他阳光明媚,很随和。在我的学习中他可以帮我很多。我是小学生。我爱我的家庭。所以他们。
My family
3. This is my family. There are four people in my family. My grandmother, my father, my mother and me.
My grandmother has short white hair. She looks very nice. My father has short black hair and small eyes. He looks very fat, so I often call him “fat man”. He works at a factory. My mother works at a L.D.T. My mother has long black hair. She likes sports and traveling, so I often go on sports with my mother. On holidays my family often go to travel. I study at Guiyuan Primary School. We are very happy.
我的一家人
愚人节的英文范文5
[关键词]英语新闻听力;认知模式;听力策略
一、引言
二十世纪以来,英语作为国际通用语在促进国际间经济文化交流,增进各国人民的相互理解中发挥了重要作用。为使教学更好的服务社会发展,教育部在2015年新颁布的《大学英语课程教学要求》(试行)中指出了“培养学生的英语综合应用能力,特别是听说能力”的教学目标,并明确地增加了“能基本听懂英语国家慢速英语节目”的要求。2016年6月的大学英语四级考试听力部分有较大的变革,新增3篇英语新闻听力,占听力分值的20%。这些变化都预示着英语新闻听力不再是对英语专业教学的要求,也必将成为大学英语教学新的热点与难点。
二、英语新闻听力教学
(一)英语新闻听力的特点
听力理解是一种通过辨音将字、词、句及其表意重新构建达到认识、了解所述对象的一个心理认知过程。它是关于个人认知能力、心智在物理世界中的体验、文化建制、社会制度等的认知结构综合体,反映了处于特定社会文化环境中的人对某个或某些领域里经验的识解。听力理解过程实则个体通过音、义对客观世界的主观认知过程,受到认知模式的影响和制约。作为“真实语言”的英语新闻具有时事性、客观性、知识性、广泛性的特点。新闻报道非常注重时效性,是第一时间对国内外重大事件的报道,信息更新快,与国际热点联系紧密。新闻报道具有特有的言语模式,语言简洁明了,概括性强,力求用最简练的文字表达目标内容,客观公正地报道事件本身,不附带个人主观看法。英语新闻报道词汇量大,涉及的知识面非常广泛,常常囊括政治、经济、科技、社会等日常生活的方方面面,因此,对英语新闻的理解必然是建立在对英美国家相关文化背景知识的了解和对一定新闻词汇掌握的基础上。
(二)英语新闻听力教学的现状与挑战
在过去很长一段时间里,大学英语教学与二语习得都将重心放在语言形式的习得上,听力教学只是作为语言学习的辅助手段,在课程设置中课时数量占比例少,使用的设备老化,技术过时,听力材料陈旧,教学大多仍沿袭传统的灌输式教学模式。值得注意的是,鲜有学校在大学英语教学阶段主动开展英语新闻的听力教学,认为英语新闻听力对学生要求太高,属于英语专业教学的范畴,这也在一定程度上使大学英语新闻听力教学成为一个崭新的起点和难点。
从学生层面看,由于目前仅有部分大中城市的中小学有开设课时数量不多的辅助式英语听力教学,广大来自城乡的中小学生接触的更是没有听说的“哑巴式”英语教学,以至于绝大部分学生在走进大学校园,开始大学英语学习的时候,英语听力几乎是零起点。学生没有接触过英语新闻听力,对英语新闻的写作模式,播报的语音特点,高频词以及相关背景知识不了解,要让他们瞬间过渡到对听力要求更高的英语新闻听力更是不可能。在强调自主学习的大学学习环境中,虽然当前互联网为学生提供了全方位开放式的听力资源,但是面对五花八门、纷乱复杂的听力内容,学生还是无从下手,无法有效地选择适合自己的听力资源进行循序渐进地练习,以提高自身听力水平。有的学生甚至将英语听力的自主学习简单地等同于“英语电影”的欣赏,使自主学习无从谈起。因此,大部分学生虽表现出攻克英语新闻听力的豪情壮志,却只能摇头发出无能为力的哀嚎。
从任课教师层面看,英语新闻听力教学最大的困难在于教师的备课。由于可选的英语新闻听力专项教材较少,而且大多是已经过时多年的新闻集合,时效性差,与社会热点相关性不大,新词、热词更新慢,为更好地进行英语新闻听力教学,教师不得不自行准备听力课程使用的材料,收集、整理难易合适的英语新闻资源,钻研英语新闻听力的特点与策略、讲授技巧等,并制作课件,备课量大,备课时间紧,增加了教师的工作负荷。
从教学模式层面看,当前的英语新闻听力教学大多沿袭传统的灌输式教学模式。听力课堂上,教师以英语新闻为听力资源,采用“大意一细节”的目标式听力技巧,反复多次同一听力内容练习,以达到听懂目标内容的目的。这种重复的听力练习易使学生在听力课堂上产生依赖感,无法发挥学生主观能动性。而单纯的内容重复使听力课堂缺乏趣味性,学生易产生听力疲劳,失去听力练习所应具备的专注力,无法达到新闻听力的效果。听力课堂更加注重学生听懂目标内容,而对新闻听力涉及的高频词总结,背景知识,新闻播报特点等相关知识鲜有介绍,使新闻听力教学仅停留在当前课堂教学内容学习层面,学生课后不能自主拓展学习,无法达到提高新闻听力水平的教学效果。由此可见,对于英语新闻听力教学的探索与革新无论对于学生、教师还是英语科研教学都是一个崭新的起点与尝试。
三、英语新闻听力策略的认知模式
(一)理论基础
从认知语言学角度看,听力理解不是简单的语码分解与重组,而是一个听话者积极地分辨、组合、记忆声音编码,将编码对应的语义范畴化(categarization)形成命题结构(propositionalstructure),通过意象图式结构(image-schematic structure)和隐喻映射(metaphorical mapping)形成对命题识解(understanding)的心理认知过程。语义的基础是一个涉及相关认知域(cogni-tive domains)里背景知识的复杂认知结构,这些认知域包括反应在心智中的物理世界的各个领域,如时空领域、实体的物质属性领域等,还包括特定言语社会中人与环境互动的规约模式领域,心理状态、文化建制、社会制度等。
1.听力理解中的范畴化命题结构模式
人类大部分知识是以命题结构的形式存在的,它概括了相关认知域里所涉及的背景知识和信仰,是网络化的认知域构成。命题结构的形成是建立在客观事物的范畴化(categariza-tion)基础上的。范畴化是识别客观物体,建立客观物体间的联系的基本认知模式。Rosch(1977,1978)提出基本层次范畴(basic level categories),认为基本层次范畴在感知上的相似整体外形能帮助人们最快地识别其属类。例如听到“truck”时,学生脑海中出现的是卡车共有的最基本的范畴特点,如“车的一种,有车厢,运输的用途”等作为其意象代表。基本层次范畴在功能上能引起人们大致相同的反应,例如当学生听到“terror-ists”一词时会不自觉地联想到“攻击、死伤、流血、爆炸”等运动反应。在语言交际方面,基本层次范畴常涉及简单、常用、中性的词汇,这些词汇大多是学生最早也最容易习得的“核心词汇”,对认知构建起着至关重要的作用。但是需要注意的是,在不同的社会文化背景下,人们对事物、事件构建的命题范畴是有有差别的,例如中西方文化对龙(dragon)就构建起了完全不同的范畴化认知命题,中国文化将“龙”视为九五之尊,天子的象征,权力和地位的至高体现;而在西方文化中dragon多是来自地狱,魔鬼和邪恶的化身。其次,范畴化过程还常常包含着个人的情感因素,例如新闻中常常提高的Gaza(加沙地带),就带有宗教情感因素。
2.听力理解中的意象图式结构
Lakoff&Johnson(1980)在概念隐喻理论中首次提出意象图式(image―schema),Johnson(1987)进一步指出意象图式是感知互动及感觉运动活动中的不断再现的动态结构,这种结构给我们的经验以连贯效应。Ungerer&Schmid(1996)明确提出意象图式是源于我们在日常生活中与世界的互动经验的简单而基本的认知结构。Langacker(1987)认为,为了达到思维和表达的目的,人具有通过构成不同的意象,以不同的方式去理解和把握某个感知到的情景的能力。对于同一情景,可以通过选择不同的属性加以注意,调整这些属性的显著性(salience),从不同视点(perspective)去观察,通过不同程度的抽象化和具体化,可以形成不同的意象。听力理解是一个语言与思维相互刺激、相互作用的认知过程,在识别声音符号的同时,学生大脑需要尽快建立起与听力材料相关的意象图式结构,达到认知听力内容的目的。例如主题图式的构建可以帮助学生把握英语新闻听力内容大意,形式图式的构建可以帮助学生对英语新闻的问题结构,行文风格,报道特点等有所了解,语言图式的构建能够帮助学生建立起必要的新闻词汇语料库,当听到相关新词、热词时就能准确快速地与听力内容进行预测、匹配,检索到听力测试的关键信息。
3.听力理解中的隐喻映射模式
Lakoff&Johnson(1980)颠覆了对传统隐喻理论的认识,提出隐喻不仅是一种语言形式,更是体现人们思维、行为方式的隐喻概念体系(metaphorical concept system),认为隐喻是概念系统的核心,而概念系统则是人类认知体系的核心。隐喻具有普遍性、系统性、概念性,它不仅是一种语言表达方式,更是一种认知手段,普遍存在于人们的生活中,特别是那些确立已久,人们习以为常,不费力气就会自动冒出来的规约喻是最有生命力最重要的。基于经济原则的新闻语言总是力求以最简洁的语言生动、准确地报道相关内容,大量隐喻语言的使用既可以清楚的表达意向,又能与读者构建统一的信息理解。例如“white house”隐喻美国政府,“Pentagon”隐喻美国国防部,“summit”隐喻国家首脑会面的峰会,“Community of shared des-tiny”(命运共同体)隐喻各地区、各国应该携手共同解决、处理危机等等。因此,学生在英语新闻听力中,应该意识到新闻语言的隐喻特征,不能仅停留在对语码基本语义理解的层面,能应该意识到其背后的隐喻映射规约。
(二)英语新闻听力教学策略
1.引入英语报刊学习辅助英语新闻听力教学
英语报刊英语阅读与英语新闻听力同属语言输入(lan-guage input)的两种模式,在语言学习中相互促进,相互补充。学生收听英语新闻的过程实际是在主题图示建构的引导下将收听到的语音编码经过语义范畴化后筛选、匹配转化为对应的语义编码,通过英语新闻的形式图式与语言图式将听力获取内容与已经存储在大脑中自己对客观世界的认识进行比较、联系的过程,这一过程所需要的对英语新闻形式的学习,对英语新闻高频词汇的累积,对英语新闻理解相关背景知识的了解等都可以听过报刊阅读来获得。与英语新闻听力不同,报刊英语的辅助学习可以为学生提供充足时间反复研读纸质报刊或者电子报刊等新闻资源,查找、了解刊发内容的相关信息,为学生完成英语新闻听力打好基础。与此同时,在英语报刊阅读中积累的相关知识通过听力理解,可以得到多维感官上的加强,让学生可以零距离的接触鲜活、真实的语言,进一步夯实学生的语言基础,让学生真正体会到“听懂”的乐趣,真正做到自主学习。
2.精选听力素材,加强语言基础
互联网和多媒体技术的迅猛发展为英语新闻听力的教学提供了强有力的技术支撑,使学生可以通过多种媒介形式便利快捷地了解国内外的时事热点,但开放式的听力资源良莠不齐,纷乱复杂,并非所有英语新闻都适合学生用于新闻听力练习。这就要求教师在备课和引导学生自主练习新闻听力时对听力材料有所筛选,多选取政府官网或者诸如VOA,BBC,CNN等权威新闻机构的报道。报道素材可以按主题区分,如战争主题,美国大选主题,科技发明主题,经济危机主题,社会生活主题等,通过累积各主题相关热词新词,了解各主题报道模式,认知新闻语言中的各种隐喻现象,帮助学生提前构建英语新闻图示,更好地建立语码与图式间的联系,促进学生英语新闻听力水平的提高。
3.唤醒学生的语言认知意识
愚人节的英文范文6
一、英语教学中的人文素养渗透
人文素养培养是指促进人的全面、健康发展的教育。它并不是某一具体学科的教育,而是以传授人文知识,培养人文精神为主的多学科的系统性教育。目前,在英语教学中“人文素养”越来越多的被提及,英语自身属性决定英语教学与人文素养的培养之间存在必然联系。
(一)英语的文化性特征
要探讨英语教学的人文教育功能,就不能不谈语言与文化的关系。语言本身便是一种文化现象,作为一门语言,英语有着极其鲜明的人文性,体现了英语国家的民族文化精神,即哲学思想、价值观念、宗教信仰、道德意识和风俗习惯等。因而,语言的传承即文化的传承,语言的传播也是文化的传播。所以,学习语言即学习文化。
(二)英语的人文性特征
英语教学的人文性就是教会学生通过英语认识世界,了解中西方文化的差异,从而促进其心智更好地发展,最终使得教育者和受教育双方的人文素养都可以提升。学生学习英语的过程既是提高语言综合运用能力的过程,又是培养情操、锻炼意志、丰富经历、培养个性和提升人文素养的过程。在我们的英语教学中渗透人文素养培养,是对英语教学的新目标新要求。
二、“英语课外素养课程”中人文素养教学可行性
(一)英语教学自身特点决定“英语课外素养课程”的人文培养特点
外语教育通过对世界各国各时代相关内容的介绍,加深学生对世界多元文化的理解,开拓国际视野,培养适应国际化社会的公民素养,具有重要的理智价值。 当前的语言学习逐渐脱离了语言作为沟通工具应有的“掌握导向”,越来越强调“目的导向”。回归英语的工具性作用,就需要在英语教学中更加强调对英语文化的融入,这就决定了,英语教学应当更加注重对被教育者的人文素养的培养。
(二)教育改革实践要求“英语课外素养课程”的人文培养特点
贯通培养试验项目是一次教育改革的实践,要求我们用创新和批判性的思维对现有的英语教学方式进行全面审视,同时摸索教育规律,改革英语教学思路和教学方法。以“英语文化”为切入口,以人文素养的培养为指向,指导“英语课外课程”的各项课程和活动的进行。
(三)学生身心发展阶段需要“英语课外素养课程”的人文性
面对学生自我认知不断增强的成长阶段,传统“填鸭”式的教育方式,不仅达不到好的教育效果,同时不利于学生自由表达、个性化发展和正确的自我认知的形成。因此,“英语课外素养课程”借助比赛等形式,转换老师和?W生在教育过程中的角色,从“教师唱戏,学生看戏”到“教师搭台,学生看戏”进行转化。为学生提供充分的机会表达并实现自己的想法,以“思想输出”的形式,实现“知识的摄入”。
三、探索人文素养教学方式对贯通项目英语教学的意义
基础教育阶段的英语教学中人文素养的培养必须得以改善和加强,尤其需要进一步研究如何将人文素养较好地融入到平常的英语课程教学中。
(一)增强人文素养的教育理念
21世纪,以培养能力和综合素质为主的现代教育正在逐渐取代以传授知识为主的传统教育,素质教育的开展是全方位的系统工程,因而积极更新教育理念,树立人文主义教育观是实施素质教育的必要条件。充满着人文精神的校园氛围会时刻影响着学生的思想和行为,潜移默化地教育学生做一个高素质的、文明的人。
(二)丰富人文培养的教育内容
语言从来就是思想和文化的重要载体。英语教学应从语言教学规律出发,把语言知识点的讲解同语言背后的人文内涵分析紧密结合起来,如帮助学生多了解说英语国家的政治历史传统、文化地理风情、当代社会发展现状等,让学生在学习英语语言知识技能的同时,寓人文思想教育于语言教学之中。
(三)丰富英语教学的形式
在教学过程中,重视学生主体参与,在这一过程中,教师指导学生,而不是代替学生独立完整地承接人类文化科学知识。在人文素养培养式英语教学中,教师首先要让学生对英语学习、对生活和周围的事物产生认识,然后分享自己的某些感受,并在思想对话和碰撞中,激发学生积极参与课堂教学,增进彼此间的情感并自由思考和表达自己的思想观点,营造充满生机和活力的课堂气氛,使学生在轻松愉悦的氛围中掌握知识、发展语言能力。