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地点状语从句范文1
连接词where主要在定语从句、状语从句和名词性从句这三大从句中的使用。
一、where引导定语从句
where作为关系副词引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词为地点的名词或代词,同时,where代替先行词,在定语从句中作地点状语。
【例1】 (2015年北京卷)Opposite is St. Pauls Church, you can hear some lovely music.
A. which B. that
C. when D. where
解析:D。where引导定语从句,修饰表示地点的先行词St. Pauls Church,where在定语从句中作地点状语。
【例2】 (2013年新课标全国卷II)When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house I would be staying.
A. what B. when
C. where D. which
解析:C。where引导定语从句,修饰表示地点的先行词the house,where在定语从句中作地点状语。
【例3】 (2013年浙江高考)The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.
A. what B. where
C. when D. why
解析:B。where引导定语从句,修饰表示地点的先行词a viewing platform,where在定语从句中作地点状语。意为“博物馆将在春天开放,届时将有一个展览和一个观景平台。参观者可以在那个观景台上观看正在建设的大温室”。
另外,where引导定语从句要注意以下几点:
1. 关系副词where在意义上常用“介词 + 关系代词(which)”代替, 即:where = in / at / on... + which。
【例4】 (2015年浙江卷)Creating an atmosphere employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.
A. as B. whose
C. in which D. at which
解析:C。句意为:“创造一种让所有的员工都认为是这个团队的一部分的工作氛围是一个很大的挑战”。先行词为atmosphere。in a / an... atmosphere意为“在……氛围中”,为一固定搭配,故用in which(=where)引导定语从句,并在从句中作地点状语。又如:
The university where (= at which) we are studying is very beautiful.
The house where (in which) we live is not large.
2. where引导定语从句修饰模糊化或抽象化的地点名词。
where引导定语从句,所修饰的先行词不仅仅是明显的表示地点的名词或代词,也可以是表示模糊化或抽象化的地点名词,同时,where在定语从句中作地点状语。这类名词有situation, position, point, case, condition, activity, work, job, state, business, atmosphere等。
【例5】 (2015年天津卷)The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere his employees enjoy their work.
A. where B. which
C. when D. who
解析:A。where引导定语从句,修饰先行词atmosphere, 在定语从句中作地点状语。意为“公司老板正在竭力创造一种轻松的氛围,在这种氛围中,员工们可以享受工作”。
【例6】 (2014年福建卷)Students should involve themselves in community activities they can gain experience for growth.
A. who B. when
C. which D. where
解析:D。where引导定语从句,修饰先行词activities, 在定语从句中作地点状语。意为“学生应该参加社区活动,在活动中他们能获得成长的经验”。
【例7】 (2014年江苏卷)The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work a good impression is a must.
A. which B. when
C. as D. where
解析:D。where引导定语从句,修饰先行词work, 在定语从句中作地点状语。意为“这本书在日常交际中给予我很大的帮助,尤其是在第一印象至关重要的工作中”。
【例8】 (2015年湖南卷) It is a truly delightful place, looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.
A. as B. where
C. that D. which
解析:D。本题尽管先行词是地点place,但是分析定语从句的句子成分可知,定语从句缺少主语,因而代表先行词的关系词在定语从句中作主语,而不是地点状语,因此排除where,而要用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。意为“这真是一个令人愉快的地方,这里的蜿蜒的小路和美丽的村庄一定是和100年前的一模一样”。
【例9】 (2014年山东卷)A company profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.
A. which B. whose
C. who D. why
解析:B。本题尽管先行词是地点a company,但是分析定语从句的句子成分可知,定语从句中缺少定语,因而选择whose作定语修饰从句的主语profits。意为“一个国内市场的利润下降的公司可能寻求国外的机会”。
3. 要区分from where和from which
在定语从句中,where有时还可以作from的宾语,此时where指代的是主句中某个副词或介词短语;而from which中的which指代的主句中的名词或代词。例如:
His head soon appeared out of the window, from where he could see an elephant in the distance.
句意:他的头很快探出窗外,从那里他能看到远处有头大象。句中where指代的是out of the window.
He hides behind the door, from where he can see me without being noticed.
句意:他藏在门后面,从门后他可以看到我而我看不到他。句中where指代的是behind the door.
She stood near the window, from where she could see what happened.
句意:她站在窗子附近,从那里她可以看到所发生的事情。句中where指代的是near the window。
4. 一般地说,定语从句要紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面,但是有时候为了某种需要,定语从句和先行词会分开,中间要加入其他成分,此时关键是要找准先行词。
【例10】 (2011年福建卷)She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students allows them to communicate freely with each other.
A. which B. where
C. what D. who
解析:A。根据定语从句的意思,“允许学生自由互相交流的”不是students,应该是“氛围”atmosphere,所以atmosphere是先行词,指物,且关系词在定语从句中作主语,因此答案是A,而不是D。
二、where引导地点状语从句
where作为从属连词引导的是地点状语从句,在从句中作地点状语,意为“在……地方”、“到……地方”、“……的地方”。
【例11】 (2015年安徽卷) he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going.
A. Where B. As
C. In case D. Now that
解析:A。根据句意,此处需要的是引导地点状语从句的连接副词where,意为“在他曾经想要放弃的地方,他现在有了坚持下去更进一步的决心”。
【例12】 (2014年重庆卷) Half an hour later, Lucy still couldnt get a taxi the bus had dropped her.
A. until B. when
C. although D. where
解析:D。本题为where引导的地点状语从句,意为“半小时之后,露丝还是未能在她下公交车的地方叫到一辆出租车”。
【例13】 (2012年山东卷) A number of high buildings have arisen there was nothing a year ago but ruins.
A. when B. where
C. before D. until
解析:B。本题为where引导的地点状语从句,意为“很多高楼在一年前还是废墟的地方拔地而起。又如:
Where there is a river, there is a city. 有河流的地方就有城市。
Young people should go where they are most needed. 年轻人应当去最需要他们的地方。
Put the book where it was. 把书放回原处。
Please stay where you are. 请待/留在原地不动。
This kind of plant grows best where it is warm and wet.这种植物在温暖潮湿的地方长得最好。
注意:如果where引导的地点状语从句表示的是条件、让步或抽象意义时,地点状语从句须要放在主句之前。如:
Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。
Where there is smoke, there is fire. 无风不起浪/事出有因。
另外还要搞清楚where引导的地点状语从句与定语从句之间的区别。如:
The famous scientist grew up he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.
A. the place where B. in where
C. where D. in which
解析:C。本题很多同学很容易误选A或D。关键是没有区分好where引导的是定语从句还是地点状语从句。where引导定语从句时,前面必须有名词或代词作为先行词,相当于“介词 + 关系代词(which)”,而引导地点状语从句时没有先行词,是用where引导一个句子作状语,修饰主句的动词、形容词或副词。本题中的A项,因为名词the place不能在主句中作地点状语,若改为at the place where也可以作为正确答案。
三、where引导名词性从句
where作为连接副词引导的是名词性从句,在从句中作地点状语,意为“哪里”、“什么地方”。
1. where引导主语从句
【例14】 (2015年江苏卷) Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some wont accept it.
A. That B. Why
C. Where D. How
解析:C。分析句子结构可知,a great Chinese poet做Li Bai的同位语,is前面是主语从句。选项中只有where符合句意,where引导主语从句,在从句中做地点状语。意为“众所周知,李白,伟大的中国诗人出生在何处,但是有些人就是不愿意接受这一事实”。
2. where引导宾语从句
【例15】 (2015年湖南卷)You have to know youre going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.
A. what B. that
C. where D. who
解析:C。动词know后面跟的是宾语从句,根据句意和句子成分,这个从句缺少地点状语,因此要用where引导宾语从句,在从句中作地点状语。意为“如果你已经计划好去那里的最佳方式,你必须知道你将要去哪里”。
【例16】 (2010年全国卷II)―Have you finished the book?
―No. Ive read up to the children discover the secret cave.
A. which B. what
C. that D. where
解析:D。此题考查where引导的宾语从句,作介词to的宾语,where在宾语从句中作地点状语。宾语从句中不缺少主语或宾语,故排除选项A、B、C。意为“――你读完那本书了吗? ――没有,我已经读到孩子们发现秘密洞穴的那个地方了”。
3. where引导表语从句
【例17】 (2014年四川卷) Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “Thats I was born.”
A. when B. how
C. why D. where
解析:D。此题考查where引导的表语从句,作系动词is的表语,where在表语从句中作地点状语。意为“奶奶指着那个医院说:‘那就是我出生的地方。’”
4. where引导同位语从句
【例18】 (2008年陕西卷)Tomorrow is Toms birthday. Have you got any idea the party is to be held?
A. what B. which
地点状语从句范文2
高考英语对状语从句的考查主要体现在对上述九类状语从句连词的选择、主从句时态的呼应以及状语从句中的省略这三点上。因此,弄清这三点是解状语从句相关题的关键。
考点一:状语从句连词的选用
状语从句连词的选用因从句类型的不同而有所不同,如在时间状语从句中就应选择表时间的连词,地点状语从句中就应选择表地点的连词。因此在选择连词时,应首先判断状语从句的类别。下面我们结合从句的分类具体分析。
1. 时间状语从句。在复合句中,由时间连词引导的状语从句叫时间状语从句。引导时间状语的连词及短语有when、whenever、as、while、before、after、until/till、since、as soon as等。例如:
36. If a lot of people say a film is not good, I won''''t bother to see it, or I''''ll wait ________ it comes out on DVD. (2011年上海卷)
A. whether B. after C. though D. until
【解析】题干的意思是:“如果大多数人都说一部电影不好,我就不会去看,或者等到DVD出来再看。”分析句子结构,空格后面的部分整体作I''''ll wait的时间状语,空格处需要一个连词,whether意为“是否”,after意为“在……之后”,though意为“尽管”,until意为“直到……”,首先排除A和C。若用after则句意为“等DVD出来之后再等”,若用until则句意为“一直等到DVD出来”,后者符合题意,故正确答案为D。
29. Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or ________ it is convenient to you. (2011年江西卷)
A. whenever B. however
C. whichever D. wherever
【解析】题干的意思是:“请给我的秘书打电话安排一个今天下午的会,或者任何你方便的时候。”四个选项中,whenever意为“无论何时”,however意为“然而”,whichever意为“任何一个”,wherever意为“无论哪里”。连接副词在从句中充当状语,根据语境可知是指时间,故正确答案为A。
6. As is reported, it is 100 years ________ Qinghua University was founded. (2011年四川卷)
A. when B. before
C. after D. since
【解析】题干的意思是:“据报道,清华大学自建校以来已经有100年的历史了。”分析句子结构,“It is +一段时间+ since +从句(谓语为一般过去时)”为固定句型,表示“自……以来已经有一段时间了”,故正确答案为D。
2. 原因状语从句。原因状语从句表原因,常见的连词及短语有because、since、as、now that、considering that、seeing that、in that等。例如:
23. —Did you return Fred''''s call?
—I didn''''t need to ________ I''''ll see him tomorrow. (2008年北京卷)
A. though B. unless
C. when D. because
【解析】题干中答句的意思是:“我不需要回电话, 我明天就会见到他。”很明显,前后句之间存在逻辑上的因果关系,故选用表原因的because,正确答案为D。其他三个选项中,though意为“尽管”,unless意为“除非”,when意为“当……的时候”,均不符合题意。
3. 地点状语从句。地点状语从句表示地点、方位,一般由连接副词where、wherever等引导。例如:
32. Today, we will begin ________ we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out. (2010年重庆卷)
A. when B. where
C. how D. what
【解析】题干的意思是:“为了不遗漏任何要点,我们今天将从昨天结束的地方开始。”此处的where引导地点状语从句,表示抽象的地点,正确答案为B。
31. You''''d better not leave the medicine ________ kids can get it. (2008年山东卷)
A. even if B. which
C. where D. so that
【解析】题干的意思是:“你最好别把药放在孩子们够得着的地方。”四个选项中,even if意为“即使,尽管”,引导让步状语从句;which不能引导状语从句;where 引导地点状语从句,意为“在……地方”;so that意为“以至于”,引导结果状语从句。故正确答案为C。
4. 目的状语从句。目的状语从句用以补充说明主句中谓语动词发生的目的,从句可由(so) that、in order that、in case、for fear that等引导。例如:
37. The police officers in our city work hard ________ the rest of us can live a safe life. (2011年上海卷)
A. in case B. as if C. in order that D. only if
【解析】题干的意思是:“为了让我们大家过上平安的日子,我市警察工作非常卖力。”四个选项中,in case意为“以防,万一”,as if意为“似乎,好像”,in order that意为“为了”,only if意为“只要;只有”。很明显,正确答案为C。
5. 结果状语从句。结果状语从句常用于表示结果,可由so that、“so/such ... that ...”等引导。例如:
33. Pop music is such an important part of society ________ it has even influenced our language. (2007年上海卷)
A. as B. that
C. which D. where
【解析】题干的意思是:“流行音乐是社会中如此重要的一部分,________它甚至已经影响了我们的语言。”后半句表明前半句所造成的结果,“such ... that ...”意为“如此……以至于……”,故正确答案为B。
6. 条件状语从句。条件状语从句主要由if、unless引导,也可由once、so/as long as、as/so far as、suppose/supposing、providing/provided (that)等引导。例如:
8. ________ he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race. (2007年全国卷II)
A. If B. Since
C. Though D. When
【解析】本题考查由if引导的条件状语从句。题干的意思是:“如果约翰的腿没有受伤的话,他就会赢得比赛。”从时态上判断,从句表示对过去情况的假设,故正确答案为A。
31. —Do you have a minute? I''''ve got something to tell you.
—OK, ______ you make it short. (2008年安徽卷)
A. now that B. if only
C. so long as D. every time
【解析】题干的意思是:“——你有空吗?我有点事告诉你。——可以,________简而言之。”后半句表示条件,四个选项中,now that意为“既然”,if only意为“要是……多好”,so long as意为“只要”,every time意为“每次”,故正确答案为C。
29. You will be successful in the interview ________ you have confidence. (2007年福建卷)
A. before B. once
C. until D. though
【解析】题干的意思是:“一旦你有了信心,就会在面试中取得成功。”四个选项中,before意为“在……之前”,引导时间状语从句;once意为“一旦”,引导条件状语从句;until意为“直到……”,引导时间状语从句;though表示“尽管”,引导让步状语从句。而本题中,have confidence是be successful的前提条件,为条件状语从句,故正确答案为B。
7. 让步状语从句。让步状语从句常译为“尽管/虽然……但是”,常用的引导词及短语结构有though、although、even if、even though、as以及“wh- + ever”“no matter + wh-”结构等。例如:
4. Frank insisted that he was not asleep ________ I had great difficulty in waking him up. (2011年四川卷)
A. whether B. although
C. for D. so
【解析】题干的意思是:“尽管我很费力才将弗兰克叫醒,但他坚持说自己没有睡着。”四个选项中,whether意为“是否”,although意为“尽管,虽然”,for意为“为了……”,so意为“所以”。根据题意,正确答案为B。
8. 比较状语从句。比较状语从句表示比较、类比等,常由than (不同程度的比较)或as (同级比较)引起,通常采用省略句的形式。例如:
17. The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be ________ the present one. (2011年陕西卷)
A. as three times big as
B. three times as big as
C. as big as three times
D. as big three times as
【解析】题干的意思是:“正在修建中的下一届亚运会新场馆将会是现在这个场馆的三倍大。”此题属于同级比较,应用as,其结构顺序为“A +倍数+ as + adj. + as + B”,故正确答案为B。
9. 方式状语从句。引导方式状语从句的连词及短语主要有as、as if、as though、just as、much as等。例如:
33. Jack wasn''''t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him ________ he had done something very clever. (2011年湖南卷)
A. as if B. in case
C. while D. though
【解析】题干的意思是:“杰克什么也没说,但老师朝他笑了笑,好像他做了什么聪明的事情一样。”根据句意,空格处需填入“好像,仿佛”,故正确答案为A。其他三个选项中,in case意为“以防……”,while意为“当……;然而”,though意为“虽然,尽管”,均不符合题意。
考点二:主从句时态的呼应
一般来说,状语从句的时态应与主句的时态呼应。值得注意的是,状语从句表示将来的情况时不能使用将来时态,而要酌情使用一般现在时或现在完成时。例如:
16. —When shall we restart our business?
—Not until we ________ our plan. (2010年四川卷)
A. will finish B. are finishing
C. are to finish D. have finished
【解析】题干的意思是:“——我们什么时候重新开始营业?——直到我们完成计划。”在状语从句中,通常用一般现在时表将来时,用现在完成时表将来完成时。分析题干的时态,主句使用的是一般将来时,until从句中用现在完成时表示将来完成时。故正确答案为D。
29. The wet weather will continue tomorrow when a cold front ________ to arrive. (2008年全国卷I)
A. is expected B. is expecting
C. expects D. will be expected
【解析】根据主从句时态呼应原则,主句中使用一般将来时,状语从句中应使用现在时表将来,可排除D项。而“冷锋”应该是“被料到”会来,应使用被动语态,故正确答案为A。
考点三:状语从句中的省略
状语从句的省略原则是:如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致或都是it,并且从句谓语动词含有be的形式,则通常可把状语从句的主语和谓语的一部分(be)省略,从而使句子更加简洁明了。例如:
19. It was a nice meal, ________ a little expensive. (2011年全国卷II)
A. though B. whether
C. as D. since
【解析】题干的意思是:“那顿饭真美味,________有点贵。”本题考查让步状语从句,故选择though,表示“尽管”。该句使用了省略形式,句子补充完整应为though it was a little expensive。注意,as引导让步状语从句时也可以表示“尽管”,但此时必须使用倒装语序,与本题不符。故正确答案为A。
35. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ________ every day. (2007年四川卷)
A. watered B. watering
C. water D. to water
地点状语从句范文3
一、状语和状语从句的定义
(一)状语
状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和从句等担当。例如:
Naturally, our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call. (副词)
We worked hard, from sunrise to sunset. (介词短语)
To help my disabled aunt, I spend an hour working in her house every day. (不定式)
Seen from a distance, the farmhouse looked deserted. (过去分词)
I know how to light a camp fire because I had done it before.(原因状语从句)
状语的位置比较灵活,可以位于句首、句末或句中。enough用作状语修饰形容词和副词时必须后置。
(二)状语从句
状语从句是状语的特殊形式,根据含义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、行为方式、比较、让步等9种。状语从句通常由一个连词或起连词作用的词组引起。例如:
Don’t be afraid of asking for help when it is needed.
状语从句一般有两种排列顺序:
A ) 主句+连词+状语从句
B ) 连词+状语从句,主句
二、状语从句的简化
(一)状语从句的省略
状语从句同时具备下列两个条件:一是主句和从句的主语一致,或从句主语为it,二是从句主要动词是be的某种形式,从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。例如:
When (the museum is) completed, the museum will be open to the public next year.
另外,比较状语从句经常省略。例如:
I’m taller than he (is tall ).
(二)状语从句和状语的转换
■状语从句主句和从句主语一致时,转换为分词短语。
When the city is seen from the mountain, it looks much more beautiful.
Seen from the mountain, it looks much more beautiful.
■状语从句主句和从句主语不一致,转换为独立主格结构。
If weather permits, we’ll have the meeting in the open air.
(With) Weather permitting, we’ll have the meeting in the open air.
■状语从句转换为介词短语。
由after/before/since/as soon as等引导的时间状语从句,可改为“after/before/since/on+动名词短语”结构。当主从句主语不一致时,可使用动名词的复合结构。
Before he dived into the lake, he made a deep breath.
Before diving into the lake, he made a deep breath.
■状语从句转换为动词不定式短语。
He is so strong that he can lift the heavy stone.
He is strong enough to lift the heavy stone.
三、状语从句的动词时态和语气
状语从句主句和从句的时态要保持一致。注意下列情况:
1.在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句是一般将来时/祈使句/含有情态动词原形,从句要使用一般现在时态。但will在表示意愿时,可用于上述状语从句。
2.在so that (in order that)引导的目的状语从句中,谓语动词用“can(could)/may(might)/will(would)/should+动词原形”的形式。so that引导结果状语从句时,不用此要求限制。
3. as if (though)引导方式状语从句,陈述情况可能性小,谓语动词用虚拟语气,即时态在原基础上向过去退一步。若从句所述情况可能实现,则用陈述语气。
4.no sooner...than.../hardly (scarcely)...when...表示“-……,就……”,引导时间状语从句,主句须用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。no sooner/hardly (scarcely)位于句首,主句倒装。
5.if引导非真实条件状语从句要使用虚拟语气。
If I had enough money, I should (would) buy the car. (事实上现在钱不够)
If I had got up earlier I should (would) have met her. (事实上那时我起床晚了)
If he would come here tomorrow, I should (would) talk to him.(事实上明天来的可能性极小)
四、状语从句常见引导词 各类状语从句的引导词是高考命题热点。
1.时间状语从句
关联词:as/when/while,after,before, since, till/until no sooner...than/hardly... when
副词:immediately,directly
名词短语:the moment, the minute, the second, each (every)time,the day (year), next time, the first (second/last) time, by the time
2.条件状语从句
if,unless, as(so) long as, on condition that, suppose (supposed) that, provide(providing) that, in the event that
3.原因状语从句
because, as, since, now (that)
4.结果状语从句
so (such )...that...
5.目的状语从句
so that, in order that,in case
6.让步状语从句
though, although,as, however, no matter...,疑问词+ever,whether...or not
7.比较状语从句
than, as(so )...as, the more...the more
8.方式状语从句
as, as if, as though
9.地点状语从句
地点状语从句范文4
一、where的语法功能相当于in(on,at,from……)+地点名词或表示地点的副词there,here等。例:①As a child,he used to work hard and help his father on the small farm where/on which he lived. (where=on the small farm)当他还是一个小孩的时候,他就习惯了艰苦的劳动,并帮助他的父亲在他们所生活的农场干活。②This is the village where/in which I was born.(where=in the village)这就是我出生的村庄。
二、when的语法功能相当于in(on,at,from……)+时间名词或表时间的副词。例:①This was a time when/at which there were still slaves in the U.S.A.这是一个在美国仍处在奴隶制度的时代。 when=at that time在从句中作时间状语。②I’ll never forget the day when/on which I left for college with my father.我永远不会忘记我和父亲动身去大学的那天。when=on that day.
三、why引导的定语从句主要用来限定reason的内容,why=for which。例:①This is the reason why/for which I did so.这就是我要这么做的理由。②The reason why/fOr which he succeeded in the exam is that he worked very hard.他这次考试成功的原因是因为他学习非常努力。
注意(1):先行词为“时间名词”,可用when引导定语从句,when在定语从句中作状语;还可以用which或that引导,which或that在从句中作主语或宾语。比较:
I still remember the day when/on which my brother joined the army.(作状语)
I still remember the days which/that we spent together.(作宾语)
注意(2):先行词是“地点名词”,定语从句可用where引导,还可用which或that引导,which/that在从句中作主语或宾语。比较:
This is the factory where/in which he worked last year.(作状语)
This is the factory which/that they visited last year.(作宾语)
注意(3):先行词为reason时,可用forwhich指代;当关系词在从句中作主语或宾语时,则用which或that引导。比较:
The reason why/for which/(that)he didn’t attend the meeting was that he was ill.
I don’t believe the reason (that/which)he gave me). (作宾语)
Have you asked him the reason that may explain his success? (作主语)
注意(4):当先行词为way时,定语从句常用that,in which,或how引导,that常可以省略。 way后的定语从句的引导词不用时较多。但如果关系词在句中作主语或宾语时,则用which或that引导。比较:
This is the way (that)/in which I do such things.
Please do the experiment in the way (that/which) I have shown you.
练习:
(1)The film brought the hours to me I was taken good care of in that far away village.
A. until B.that C.when D.where (2001NMET)
(2).The film brought the hours to me I spent in that far away village.
地点状语从句范文5
不同种类的状语从句,连接词也各不相同(见下表)。
虽然状语从句的连接词数量众多,但在一般情况下,只要辨清从句与主句的逻辑关系,确定是哪类状语从句,再根据句意选用恰当的连接词即可。比如:
―How soon will you graduate from senior middle school?
―It will be less than one year ______ I graduate.
A. when B. that C. before D. since
回答者说:“还有不到一年时间我就将毕业。”这是一个时间状语从句,表示距离毕业时间已不到一年,选C符合句意。如果选A,从句意为“在我毕业时”,那么主句应该是时间点而不是时间段。如果选D,则从句应使用过去时,主句应使用完成时。
对于同一类连接词之间的区别,同学们可在平时细心辨析、积累,这里就不涉及了。今天,我们只看状语从句使用中的四大难点。
省 略
【例1】 Generally speaking, according to directions, the drug has no side effect.
A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken
句意为“总的来说,按照说明服用,这种药没有副作用”。有的同学会选A或C,但正确答案是B。
这是一个省略了的状语从句,完整的形式为when the drug is taken according to directions,谓语动词是被动语态。从句和主句的主语相同,都是the drug,在这种情况下,为了表达简洁,可以省略从句的主语和be动词,留下过去分词表示被动即可,所以选B。
【语法点拨】
为了使语言生动、自然、简洁,以下五种状语从句有时可以省略部分成分:
由if, unless等引导的条件状语从句;
由although, though, even if/though等引导的让步状语从句;
由when, while, as, before, after, till, until等引导的时间状语从句;
由as, as if等引导的方式状语从句;
由than, as...as, not so/as...as, the same as等引导的比较状语从句。
(1) 前四种从句省略成分的具体情况是:当从句与主句的主语一致,或从句的主语为it且谓语包含了be动词时,可以省略从句的主语和be动词,保留be动词之后的部分。留下的部分常常为现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式、介词短语、形容词、副词或名词性短语。比如:
If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty.
Although (he was) a farmer, now he is a famous director.
He won’t go there with us unless (he is) invited.
He stood up as if (he were) to say something.
As (she was) walking along the river bank, she was singing a pop song.
(2) 在由than, as...as, not so/as...as, the same as等引导的比较状语从句中,可以省略的是和主句相同的部分,只保留需要比较的部分。比如:
He has lived here longer than I (has lived).
It was not so hot yesterday as (it is) today.
倒 装
【例2】 my daughter, I wouldn’t allow her to go to travel in the forest alone.
A. She were B. If she is C. Were she D. Should be
句意为“假如她是我女儿,我不会让她独自去森林旅行”。由主句谓语动词wouldn’t allow可以看出,句子采用了虚拟语气,如果用if引导从句,应该填If she were,因此可排除A和B。如果选D,句子根本不成立。C正确,因为if在引导条件状语从句时可以省略,但此时从句要倒装。
【语法点拨】
与状语从句有关的倒装主要有以下几种情况:
(1) only修饰的状语从句放在句首时,主句要倒装。比如:Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.
(2) if引导的条件状语从句为虚拟语气,且谓语动词中含有had, should, were时,可省略if,但要把had, should, were放在句首,构成倒装句。比如:Had you worked harder at college, you would have got a better job.
(3) so... that 引导的结果状语从句中,对so... 这一部分进行强调而置于句首时,要把主句谓语动词中的情态动词或助动词放到主语前,形成倒装。如果谓语动词中没有情态动词或助动词,则要根据语境补充一个助动词。比如:So carelessly did he drive that he almost killed himself.
(4) as, though引导的让步状语从句中,一般将形容词、副词或名词等置于从句句首,形成倒装。比如:Small as the atom is, we can smash it.
it句型连接词
【例3】 Because of the heavy traffic, it was already time for lunch break she got to her office.
A. since B. that C. when D. until
句意为“由于交通拥堵,当她到办公室时,已是午饭时间”,答案选C。有的同学看到句子中的it was,会以为这是“It is/was... that...”的强调句型,而贸然选B。其实这个题目考查的是时间状语从句,从句用来修饰it was already time for lunch break,并不是强调句型。
【语法点拨】
在it开头的句型中,同学们很容易选错连接词。
首先,要明白It is/was... that... 的句型是强调句,句中的it没有任何意义,that不能用其他诸如when, where来代替,不要把它当作状语从句来挑选连接词。
其次,在状语从句中,要注意区别下列it句型的不同含义及相应的连接词:
(1) It will be + 一段时间 + before...: 连接词before引导时间状语从句,整句意为“过(一段时间)就会/才会……”。
(2) It was + 时间点 + when ...: 连接词when引导时间状语从句,整句意为“当……时,时间是在……”。
(3) It is... since...: 连接词since引导时间状语从句,整句意为“自从……以来,已过了……”。
连接词特殊用法
【例4】____________ the two young men are only days apart in age, they seem to belong to wholly different generations.
A. While B. If C. As D. Since
句意为“虽然两个年轻人年龄只差几天,却像两代人”。正确答案是A,因为while除了“当……的时候”以外,还有“虽然”之意,相当于although。C和D意为“由于、因为”,不符合句意,可以排除。B意为“如果”,也不符合句意。
【例5】 You can’t complain of being left out ____________ you don’t make any effort to share your happiness and sorrow with others.
A. unless B. when C. once D. though
句意为“既然你不与别人同甘共苦,那么你就不能抱怨遭人冷落”。这是一个原因状语从句,答案应选B。因为when除了“在……时”的意思以外,还有“既然”的意思,相当于since,符合句意。
【语法点拨】
有些连接词除了常用的意义以外,还有特殊的意义,极易被忽略而导致误用。对这些词,同学们要记住:
(1) while:引导时间状语从句,意为“当……的时候”;引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然”。
(2) when: 引导时间状语从句,意为“在……时”“这时”;引导条件状语从句,意为“假如”;引导原因状语从句,意为“既然”。
地点状语从句范文6
首先请看2008年高考英语试题(全国卷Ⅱ)第20题:
It was in New Zealand____ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.
A. that B.how C.which D.when
答案选择A,此题考查了英语强调句型的用法。强调句型是高考中常见的一个考点,在课本和英语阅读材料中出现的频率也非常高。现结合高考考题和课本,把英语强调句型的用法归纳如下:
(一)强调句型的特点
强调句式的基本句型为: “It is/was十被强调的部分+ that/who/whom十句子其他成分”。如强调的对象是人时,可用who、whom或that,其余情况一律用that;当被强调对象在句中做主语时用who或that,当被强调对象在句中做宾语时用whom或that。被强调的对象主要是句子的主语、宾语和状语,状语主要包括时间状语、地点状语、原因状语和方式状语等。
(二)强调句式的一般疑问句型
Is/was+it+被强调的部分+that/who/whom+句子其他成分?
Was it Mary that/who/whom you met in the park yesterday?你昨天在公园里遇到的是玛丽吗?
(三)强调句式的特殊发问句型
疑问词+ is/was+it+that/who/whom+句子其他成分?此结构作为宾语从句时要还原成陈述语序。
Who was it that/who/whom you met in the park yesterday?你昨天在公园遇到的是谁?
(四)强调句型与其他句型的辨析
强调句型如果还原成陈述句的话,即如果去掉“It is/was…that -”时句子应该是完整的;如果不完整,那则是别的从句而不是强调句型。
1.与主语从句的辨析。
①It is the Summer Palace that they are going to visit. 他们要去游览的是颐和园。
②It is true that they are going to visit the Summer Palace.他们要去游览颐和园是真的。
句①为强调句型,强调的是宾语“the Summer Palace”,该句还原为陈述句为:They are going to visit the Summer Palace.
句②为含有主语从句的复合句,it为形式主语,that引导的从句是句子的真正主语,该句可改为:That they are going to visit the Summer Palace is true.
2.与定话从句的辨析。
③It was in the library that they met for the frst time. 他们是在图书馆第一次相遇的。
④It was the library where they met for the first time. 这是他们第一次相遇的图书馆。
句③为强调句型,强调的是地点状语“in the library”,该句可还原为:They met in the library for the first time.
句④为含有一个定语从句的主从复合句,where引导的定语从句修饰先行词“the library”,并在从句中做地点状语,不可用that。
3.与状语从句的辨析。
⑤It was at 9 0''clock that he arrived at the airport. 是在九点钟他到的机场。
⑥It was9 0''clock when he arrived at the airport.他到机场时,九点了。
句⑤是强调句型,强调的是时间状语“at 9 0''clock”,该句可改为:He arrived at the airport at 9 0'' clock.